Additional backports

Fix build on mingw

It's currently required in src/openssl_stream.c only.

Windows headers #define some names that openssl uses too. Openssl
headers #undef the offending names before reusing them. But if those
offending Windows headers get included after the openssl headers the
namespace is polluted and nothing good happens.

Fixes issue #2850.

pathspec_match_free() should not dereference a NULL passed to it.

I found this issue when I tried to run example log program with
nonexistent branch:

./example/log help

Such call leads to segmentation fault.

On case insensitive filesystems, we may have files in the working
directory that case fold to a name we want to write.  Remove those
files (by default) so that we will not end up with a filename that
has the unexpected case.

Symbolic links that abuse case insensitivity to write into .git.

Don't bother trying to recreate the previously created directory
during checkout, for a modest reduction in the number of stats.

The documentation for `git_path_join_unrooted` states that the base
length will be returned, so that consumers like checkout know where
to start creating directories instead of always creating directories
at the directory root.

Checkout can now provide performance data about the number of (some)
syscalls performed using an optional callback.

This structure remains internal-only in maintenance branches.

clone example: don't divide by zero

Local transports don't have data about the size, avoid dividing by
zero in the callback.

This should provide a easier way to see what kinds of changes we have,
and a single place to look at the breaking changes.

  Fix crash in free() when git_buf_grow() fails.

Remove symlinks from the repository

remote: plug leak

Remove the hook symlink from the test resources, so that we can
have a source tree that is easy to zip up and copy around on systems
that don't support symlinks.  Create it dynamically at test execution
instead.

Load prune configuration when a remote is created.

CHANGELOG: we've added git_describe

submodule: declare vars at top of func block

Add appveyor yaml

CHANGELOG: add missing 0.22 changes