Add git_status_hashfile() to get blob's object id for a file without adding
it to the object database or needing a repository at all.
This functionality is similar to `git hash-object` without '-w'.

Ntk/fix win32 specs

The direct-writes commit left some (slow) internals methods that
were no longer needed. These have been removed.

Also, the Reflog code was using the old `git_signature__write`, so
it has been rewritten to use a normal buffer and the new `writebuf`
signature writer. It's now slightly simpler and faster.

DIRECT WRITES ARE BACK AND FASTER THAN EVER. The streaming writer to the
ODB was an overkill for the smaller objects like Commit and Tags; most
of the streaming logic was taking too long.

This commit makes Commits, Tags and Trees to be built-up in memory, and
then written to disk in 2 pushes (header + data), instead of streaming
everything.

This is *always* faster, even for big files (since the git_filebuf class
still does streaming writes when the memory cache overflows). This is
also a gazillion lines of code smaller, because we don't have to
precompute the final size of the object before starting the stream (this
was kind of defeating the point of streaming, anyway).

Blobs are still written with full streaming instead of loading them in
memory, since this is still the fastest way.

A new `git_buf` class has been added. It's missing some features, but
it'll get there.

Our good, lovely folks at Microsoft decided that there was no good
reason to make `vsnprintf` compilant with the C standard, so that
function in Windows returns -1 on overflow, instead of returning the
actual byte count needed to write the full string.

We now handle this situation more gracefully with the POSIX
compatibility layer, by returning the needed byte size using an
auxiliary method instead of blindly resizing the target buffer until it
fits.

This means we can now support `printf`s of any size by allocating a
temporary buffer. That's good.

So far libgit2 didn't support reference logs (reflog). Add a new
git_reflog_* API for basic reading and writing of reflogs:

* git_reflog_read
* git_reflog_write
* git_reflog_free

Signed-off-by: schu <schu-github@schulog.org>

Signed-off-by: schu <schu-github@schulog.org>

reference_rename: fix flaw in force-renaming

tsort: remove unused but set variable

reference_rename didn't respect the force flag. Fixed.

Reported-by: nulltoken <emeric.fermas@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: schu <schu-github@schulog.org>

Add some more test checking forced reference renaming.

Signed-off-by: nulltoken <emeric.fermas@gmail.com>
Acked-by: schu <schu-github@schulog.org>

Signed-off-by: schu <schu-github@schulog.org>

Drop the GLibc implementation of Merge Sort and replace it with Timsort.

The algorithm has been tuned to work on arrays of pointers (void **),
so there's no longer a need to abstract the byte-width of each element
in the array.

All the comparison callbacks now take pointers-to-elements, not
pointers-to-pointers, so there's now one less level of dereferencing.

E.g.

	 int index_cmp(const void *a, const void *b)
	 {
	-	const git_index_entry *entry_a = *(const git_index_entry **)(a);
	+	const git_index_entry *entry_a = (const git_index_entry *)(a);

The result is up to a 40% speed-up when sorting vectors. Memory usage
remains lineal.

A new `bsearch` implementation has been added, whose callback also
supplies pointer-to-elements, to uniform the Vector API again.

Fix network MSYS compilation

Fix MSVC compilation warnings

Index optimization

`git_futils_rmdir_r`: rename, clean up.

`git_reference_rename`: cleanup. Do not use 3x4096 buffers on the stack
or things will get ugly very fast. We can reuse the same buffer.

reference_rename: git compliant reference renaming v2

MSYS/MinGW uses winsock but obviously doesn't set _MSC_VER. Use _WIN32
to decide whether to use winsock or BSD headers. Also remove these
headers from src/transport_git.c altogether, as they are not needed.

MSYS is very conservative, so we have to tell it that we don't care
about versions of Windows lower than WindowsXP. We also need to tell
CMake to add ws2_32 to the libraries list and we shouldn't add the
-fPIC option, to MSYS because it complains that it does it anyway.

Signed-off-by: Carlos Martín Nieto <carlos@cmartin.tk>

 - msvc compilation warnings
 - not released file handle that prevents file removal

So far libgit2 didn't handle the following scenarios:

* Rename of reference m   -> m/m
* Rename of reference n/n -> n

Fixed.

Since we don't write reflogs, we have to delete any old reflog for the
renamed reference. Otherwise git.git will possibly fail when it finds
invalid logs.

Reported-by: nulltoken <emeric.fermas@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: schu <schu-github@schulog.org>

Signed-off-by: schu <schu-github@schulog.org>

git_futils_rmdir_recurs() shall remove the given directory and all
subdirectories. This happens only if the directories are empty.

Signed-off-by: schu <schu-github@schulog.org>

Signed-off-by: schu <schu-github@schulog.org>

the old name succeeds, e.g. refs/heads/foo -> refs/heads/foo/bar

Reported-by: nulltoken <emeric.fermas@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: schu <schu-github@schulog.org>