Implementation of uTVM (#3227)

* uTVM interfaces (#14)

* some minor interface changes

* implemented HostLowLevelDevice

* added MicroDeviceAPI

* implemented micro_common and added Python interfaces

* current status, semi implemented micro session

* added micro_common implementation and python interfaces (#18)

* added micro_common implementation and python interfaces (#18)

* current status, semi implemented

* host test working

* updated interfaces for MicroSession arguments allocation

* make somewhat lint compatible

* fix based on comments

* added rounding macro

* fix minor bug

* improvements based on comments

* Clean up `binutil.py` and make Python-3-compatible

* Change argument allocation design

* Address feedback and lint errors

* Improve binutil tests

* Simplify allocator (per @tqchen's suggestions)

* Doc/style fixes

* farts

* mcgee

* rodata section werks

(and so does `test_runtime_micro_workspace.py`)

* simple graph runtime werk

* TEMP

* ResNet works, yo

* First round of cleanup

* More cleanup

* runs a dyson over the code

* Another pass

* Fix `make lint` issues

* ready to pr... probably

* final

* Undo change

* Fix rebase resolution

* Minor fixes

* Undo changes to C codegen tests

* Add `obj_path` in `create_micro_lib`

* TEMP

* Address feedback

* Add missing TODO

* Partially address feedback

* Fix headers

* Switch to enum class for `SectionKind`

* Add missing ASF header

* Fix lint

* Fix lint again

* Fix lint

* Kill lint warnings

* Address feedback

* Change Python interface to MicroTVM

All interaction with the device is now through `Session` objects, which
are used through Python's `with` blocks.

* Reorder LowLevelDevice interface

* Store shared ptr to session in all alloced objects

* Move helper functions out of `tvm.micro`

* Switch static char arr to vector

* Improve general infra and code quality

Does not yet address all of tqchen's feedback

* Forgot a rename

* Fix lint

* Add ASF header

* Fix lint

* Partially address MarisaKirisame's feedback

* Lint

* Expose `MicroSession` as a node to Python

* Revert to using `Session` constructor

* Fix compiler error

* (Maybe) fix CI error

* Debugging

* Remove

* Quell lint

* Switch to stack-based session contexts

* Make uTVM less intrusive to host codegen

And use SSA for operands of generated ternary operators

* Inline UTVMArgs into UTVMTask struct

* Remove `HostLowLevelDevice` header

* Remove `BaseAddr` class

* Address feedback

* Add "utvm" prefix to global vars in runtime

* Fix lint

* Fix CI

* Fix `test_binutil.py`

* Fix submodules

* Remove ResNet tests

* Make `test_binutil.py` work with nose

* Fix CI

* I swear this actually fixes the binutil tests

* lint

* lint

* Add fcompile-compatible cross-compile func

* Add docs for uTVM runtime files

* Move pointer patching into `MicroSession`

* Fix lint

* First attempt at unifying cross-compile APIs

* Fix lint

* Rename `cross_compile` back to `cc`

* Address feedback

* Remove commented code

* Lint

* Figure out failing function

* Remove debugging code

* Change "micro_dev" target to "micro"

* Add checks in tests for whether uTVM is enabled

* Add TODO for 32-bit support

* Rename more "micro_dev" to "micro"

* Undo rename

We already have `tvm.micro` as a namespace.  Can't have it as a method
as well.

* Fix failing CI

Thanks to @tqchen for finding this bug.  Emitting ternary operators for
`min` and `max` causes concurrency bugs in CUDA, so we're moving the
ternary op emissions from `CodeGenC` to `CodeGenCHost`.

* Address feedback

* Fix lint

CMakeLists.txt

@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@ tvm_option(USE_RELAY_DEBUG "Building Relay in debug mode..." OFF)
 tvm_option(USE_SGX "Build with SGX" OFF)
 tvm_option(USE_RTTI "Build with RTTI" ON)
 tvm_option(USE_MSVC_MT "Build with MT" OFF)
+tvm_option(USE_MICRO "Build with Micro" OFF)
 tvm_option(INSTALL_DEV "Install compiler infrastructure" OFF)
 tvm_option(HIDE_PRIVATE_SYMBOLS "Compile with -fvisibility=hidden." OFF)
 
@@ -206,6 +207,7 @@ include(cmake/modules/Metal.cmake)
 include(cmake/modules/ROCM.cmake)
 include(cmake/modules/SGX.cmake)
 include(cmake/modules/LLVM.cmake)
+include(cmake/modules/Micro.cmake)
 include(cmake/modules/ANTLR.cmake)
 include(cmake/modules/contrib/BLAS.cmake)
 include(cmake/modules/contrib/Random.cmake)

cmake/config.cmake

@@ -62,6 +62,9 @@ set(USE_VULKAN OFF)
 # Whether enable OpenGL runtime
 set(USE_OPENGL OFF)
 
+# Whether enable MicroTVM runtime
+set(USE_MICRO OFF)
+
 # Whether to enable SGX runtime
 #
 # Possible values for USE_SGX:

cmake/modules/Micro.cmake

+# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+# or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+# distributed with this work for additional information
+# regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+# to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+# "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+# with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+# software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+# "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+# KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+# specific language governing permissions and limitations
+# under the License.
+
+if(USE_MICRO)
+  message(STATUS "Build with Micro support")
+  file(GLOB RUNTIME_MICRO_SRCS src/runtime/micro/*.cc)
+  list(APPEND RUNTIME_SRCS ${RUNTIME_MICRO_SRCS})
+endif(USE_MICRO)

include/tvm/runtime/c_runtime_api.h

@@ -81,6 +81,7 @@ typedef enum {
   kDLAOCL = 5,
   kDLSDAccel = 6,
   kOpenGL = 11,
+  kDLMicroDev = 13,
   // AddExtraTVMType which is not in DLPack here
 } TVMDeviceExtType;
 

include/tvm/runtime/device_api.h

@@ -215,6 +215,7 @@ inline const char* DeviceName(int type) {
     case kDLROCM: return "rocm";
     case kOpenGL: return "opengl";
     case kDLExtDev: return "ext_dev";
+    case kDLMicroDev: return "micro_dev";
     default: LOG(FATAL) << "unknown type =" << type; return "Unknown";
   }
 }

python/tvm/__init__.py

@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ from . import datatype
 
 from . import ndarray as nd
 from .ndarray import context, cpu, gpu, opencl, cl, vulkan, metal, mtl
-from .ndarray import vpi, rocm, opengl, ext_dev
+from .ndarray import vpi, rocm, opengl, ext_dev, micro_dev
 
 from ._ffi.runtime_ctypes import TypeCode, TVMType
 from ._ffi.ndarray import TVMContext

python/tvm/_ffi/runtime_ctypes.py

@@ -143,6 +143,7 @@ class TVMContext(ctypes.Structure):
         10: 'rocm',
         11: 'opengl',
         12: 'ext_dev',
+        13: 'micro_dev',
     }
     STR2MASK = {
         'llvm': 1,
@@ -163,6 +164,7 @@ class TVMContext(ctypes.Structure):
         'rocm': 10,
         'opengl': 11,
         'ext_dev': 12,
+        'micro_dev': 13,
     }
     def __init__(self, device_type, device_id):
         super(TVMContext, self).__init__()

python/tvm/contrib/binutil.py

+# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+# or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+# distributed with this work for additional information
+# regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+# to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+# "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+# with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+# software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+# "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+# KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+# specific language governing permissions and limitations
+# under the License.
+
+"""Utilities for binary file manipulation"""
+import os
+import subprocess
+from . import util
+from .._ffi.base import py_str
+from ..api import register_func
+
+@register_func("tvm_callback_get_section_size")
+def tvm_callback_get_section_size(binary_path, section_name, toolchain_prefix):
+    """Finds size of the section in the binary.
+    Assumes `size` shell command exists (typically works only on Linux machines)
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    binary_path : str
+        path of the binary file
+
+    section_name : str
+        name of section
+
+    toolchain_prefix : str
+        prefix for binary names in target compiler toolchain
+
+    Returns
+    -------
+    size : integer
+        size of the section in bytes
+    """
+    if not os.path.isfile(binary_path):
+        raise RuntimeError("no such file \"{}\"".format(binary_path))
+    # We use the "-A" flag here to get the ".rodata" section's size, which is
+    # not included by default.
+    size_proc = subprocess.Popen(
+        ["{}size".format(toolchain_prefix), "-A", binary_path], stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
+    (size_output, _) = size_proc.communicate()
+    size_output = size_output.decode("utf-8")
+    if size_proc.returncode != 0:
+        msg = "error in finding section size:\n"
+        msg += py_str(out)
+        raise RuntimeError(msg)
+
+    # TODO(weberlo): Refactor this method and `*relocate_binary` so they are
+    # both aware of [".bss", ".sbss", ".sdata"] being relocated to ".bss".
+    section_mapping = {
+        ".text": [".text"],
+        ".rodata": [".rodata"],
+        ".data": [".data", ".sdata"],
+        ".bss": [".bss", ".sbss"],
+    }
+    sections_to_sum = section_mapping["." + section_name]
+    section_size = 0
+    # Skip the first two header lines in the `size` output.
+    for line in size_output.split("\n")[2:]:
+        tokens = list(filter(lambda s: len(s) != 0, line.split(" ")))
+        if len(tokens) != 3:
+            continue
+        entry_name = tokens[0]
+        entry_size = int(tokens[1])
+        if entry_name in sections_to_sum:
+            section_size += entry_size
+    return section_size
+
+
+@register_func("tvm_callback_relocate_binary")
+def tvm_callback_relocate_binary(
+        binary_path, text_addr, rodata_addr, data_addr, bss_addr, toolchain_prefix):
+    """Relocates sections in the binary to new addresses
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    binary_path : str
+        path of the binary file
+
+    text_addr : str
+        text section absolute address
+
+    rodata_addr : str
+        rodata section absolute address
+
+    data_addr : str
+        data section absolute address
+
+    bss_addr : str
+        bss section absolute address
+
+    toolchain_prefix : str
+        prefix for binary names in target compiler toolchain
+
+    Returns
+    -------
+    rel_bin : bytearray
+        the relocated binary
+    """
+    tmp_dir = util.tempdir()
+    rel_obj_path = tmp_dir.relpath("relocated.o")
+    ld_script_contents = ""
+    # TODO(weberlo): There should be a better way to configure this for different archs.
+    if "riscv" in toolchain_prefix:
+        ld_script_contents += "OUTPUT_ARCH( \"riscv\" )\n\n"
+    # TODO(weberlo): Generate the script in a more procedural manner.
+    ld_script_contents += """
+SECTIONS
+{
+  . = %s;
+  . = ALIGN(8);
+  .text :
+  {
+    *(.text)
+    . = ALIGN(8);
+    *(.text*)
+  }
+  . = %s;
+  . = ALIGN(8);
+  .rodata :
+  {
+    *(.rodata)
+    . = ALIGN(8);
+    *(.rodata*)
+  }
+  . = %s;
+  . = ALIGN(8);
+  .data :
+  {
+    *(.data)
+    . = ALIGN(8);
+    *(.data*)
+    . = ALIGN(8);
+    *(.sdata)
+  }
+  . = %s;
+  . = ALIGN(8);
+  .bss :
+  {
+    *(.bss)
+    . = ALIGN(8);
+    *(.bss*)
+    . = ALIGN(8);
+    *(.sbss)
+  }
+}
+    """ % (text_addr, rodata_addr, data_addr, bss_addr)
+    rel_ld_script_path = tmp_dir.relpath("relocated.lds")
+    with open(rel_ld_script_path, "w") as f:
+        f.write(ld_script_contents)
+    ld_proc = subprocess.Popen(["{}ld".format(toolchain_prefix), binary_path,
+                                "-T", rel_ld_script_path,
+                                "-o", rel_obj_path],
+                               stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
+                               stderr=subprocess.STDOUT)
+    (out, _) = ld_proc.communicate()
+    if ld_proc.returncode != 0:
+        msg = "linking error using ld:\n"
+        msg += py_str(out)
+        raise RuntimeError(msg)
+    with open(rel_obj_path, "rb") as f:
+        rel_bin = bytearray(f.read())
+    return rel_bin
+
+
+@register_func("tvm_callback_read_binary_section")
+def tvm_callback_read_binary_section(binary, section, toolchain_prefix):
+    """Returns the contents of the specified section in the binary byte array
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    binary : bytearray
+        contents of the binary
+
+    section : str
+        type of section
+
+    toolchain_prefix : str
+        prefix for binary names in target compiler toolchain
+
+    Returns
+    -------
+    section_bin : bytearray
+        contents of the read section
+    """
+    tmp_dir = util.tempdir()
+    tmp_bin = tmp_dir.relpath("temp.bin")
+    tmp_section = tmp_dir.relpath("tmp_section.bin")
+    with open(tmp_bin, "wb") as out_file:
+        out_file.write(bytes(binary))
+    objcopy_proc = subprocess.Popen(["{}objcopy".format(toolchain_prefix), "--dump-section",
+                                     ".{}={}".format(section, tmp_section),
+                                     tmp_bin],
+                                    stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
+                                    stderr=subprocess.STDOUT)
+    (out, _) = objcopy_proc.communicate()
+    if objcopy_proc.returncode != 0:
+        msg = "error in using objcopy:\n"
+        msg += py_str(out)
+        raise RuntimeError(msg)
+    if os.path.isfile(tmp_section):
+        # Get section content if it exists.
+        with open(tmp_section, "rb") as f:
+            section_bin = bytearray(f.read())
+    else:
+        # Return empty bytearray if the section does not exist.
+        section_bin = bytearray("", "utf-8")
+    return section_bin
+
+
+@register_func("tvm_callback_get_symbol_map")
+def tvm_callback_get_symbol_map(binary, toolchain_prefix):
+    """Obtains a map of symbols to addresses in the passed binary
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    binary : bytearray
+        contents of the binary
+
+    toolchain_prefix : str
+        prefix for binary names in target compiler toolchain
+
+    Returns
+    -------
+    map_str : str
+        map of defined symbols to addresses, encoded as a series of
+        alternating newline-separated keys and values
+    """
+    tmp_dir = util.tempdir()
+    tmp_obj = tmp_dir.relpath("tmp_obj.bin")
+    with open(tmp_obj, "wb") as out_file:
+        out_file.write(bytes(binary))
+    nm_proc = subprocess.Popen(["{}nm".format(toolchain_prefix), "-C", "--defined-only", tmp_obj],
+                               stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
+                               stderr=subprocess.STDOUT)
+    (nm_output, _) = nm_proc.communicate()
+    if nm_proc.returncode != 0:
+        msg = "error in using nm:\n"
+        msg += py_str(nm_output)
+        raise RuntimeError(msg)
+    nm_output = nm_output.decode("utf8").splitlines()
+    map_str = ""
+    for line in nm_output:
+        line = line.split()
+        map_str += line[2] + "\n"
+        map_str += line[0] + "\n"
+    return map_str

python/tvm/contrib/cc.py

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
 # KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
 # specific language governing permissions and limitations
 # under the License.
-"""Util to invoke c++ compilers in the system."""
+"""Util to invoke C/C++ compilers in the system."""
 # pylint: disable=invalid-name
 from __future__ import absolute_import as _abs
 import sys
@@ -24,11 +24,10 @@ import os
 from .._ffi.base import py_str
 from .util import tempdir
 
-
 def create_shared(output,
                   objects,
                   options=None,
-                  cc="g++"):
+                  compile_cmd="g++"):
     """Create shared library.
 
     Parameters
@@ -36,17 +35,17 @@ def create_shared(output,
     output : str
         The target shared library.
 
-    objects : list
+    objects : List[str]
         List of object files.
 
-    options : list
+    options : List[str]
         The list of additional options string.
 
-    cc : str, optional
-        The compile string.
+    compile_cmd : Optional[str]
+        The compiler command.
     """
     if sys.platform == "darwin" or sys.platform.startswith("linux"):
-        _linux_shared(output, objects, options, cc)
+        _linux_compile(output, objects, options, compile_cmd)
     elif sys.platform == "win32":
         _windows_shared(output, objects, options)
     else:
@@ -56,40 +55,44 @@ def create_shared(output,
 # assign so as default output format
 create_shared.output_format = "so" if sys.platform != "win32" else "dll"
 
-
-def cross_compiler(cc, options=None, output_format="so"):
+def cross_compiler(compile_func, base_options=None, output_format="so"):
     """Create a cross compiler function.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
-    cc :  str
-        The cross compiler name.
+    compile_func : Callable[[str, str, Optional[str]], None]
+        Function that performs the actual compilation
 
-    options : list, optional
+    options : Optional[List[str]]
         List of additional optional string.
 
-    output_format : str, optional
+    output_format : Optional[str]
         Library output format.
 
     Returns
     -------
-    fcompile : function
+    fcompile : Callable[[str, str, Optional[str]], None]
         A compilation function that can be passed to export_library.
     """
-    def _fcompile(outputs, objects, opts=None):
-        opts = opts if opts else []
-        if options:
-            opts += options
-        _linux_shared(outputs, objects, opts, cc=cc)
+    if base_options is None:
+        base_options = []
+    def _fcompile(outputs, objects, options=None):
+        all_options = base_options
+        if options is not None:
+            all_options += options
+        compile_func(outputs, objects, options=all_options)
     _fcompile.output_format = output_format
     return _fcompile
 
 
-def _linux_shared(output, objects, options, cc="g++"):
-    cmd = [cc]
-    cmd += ["-shared", "-fPIC"]
-    if sys.platform == "darwin":
-        cmd += ["-undefined", "dynamic_lookup"]
+def _linux_compile(output, objects, options, compile_cmd="g++"):
+    cmd = [compile_cmd]
+    if output.endswith(".so") or output.endswith(".dylib"):
+        cmd += ["-shared", "-fPIC"]
+        if sys.platform == "darwin":
+            cmd += ["-undefined", "dynamic_lookup"]
+    elif output.endswith(".obj"):
+        cmd += ["-c"]
     cmd += ["-o", output]
     if isinstance(objects, str):
         cmd += [objects]

python/tvm/micro/__init__.py

+"""uTVM module for bare-metal backends.
+
+uTVM (or the micro backend) enables provides support for bare-metal devices.
+Its targets currently include a host-emulated device which is used for testing,
+and JTAG-based openocd device which allows actual interfacing with microdevices.
+"""
+
+from ..contrib import binutil
+from .base import Session, cross_compiler, create_micro_lib

python/tvm/micro/base.py

+# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+# or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+# distributed with this work for additional information
+# regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+# to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+# "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+# with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+# software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+# "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+# KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+# specific language governing permissions and limitations
+# under the License.
+
+"""Base definitions for micro."""
+
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import logging
+import os
+import sys
+
+from tvm.contrib import util as _util
+from tvm.contrib import cc as _cc
+
+from .._ffi.function import _init_api
+from .._ffi.libinfo import find_include_path
+
+SUPPORTED_DEVICE_TYPES = ["host"]
+
+class Session:
+    """MicroTVM Device Session
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    device_type : str
+        type of low-level device
+
+    toolchain_prefix : str
+        toolchain prefix to be used. For example, a prefix of
+        "riscv64-unknown-elf-" means "riscv64-unknown-elf-gcc" is used as
+        the compiler and "riscv64-unknown-elf-ld" is used as the linker,
+        etc.
+
+    Example
+    --------
+    .. code-block:: python
+
+      c_mod = ...  # some module generated with "c" as the target
+      device_type = "host"
+      with tvm.micro.Session(device_type) as sess:
+          sess.create_micro_mod(c_mod)
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, device_type, toolchain_prefix):
+        if device_type not in SUPPORTED_DEVICE_TYPES:
+            raise RuntimeError("unknown micro device type \"{}\"".format(device_type))
+        self._check_system()
+
+        # First, find and compile runtime library.
+        runtime_src_path = os.path.join(_get_micro_device_dir(), "utvm_runtime.c")
+        tmp_dir = _util.tempdir()
+        runtime_obj_path = tmp_dir.relpath("utvm_runtime.obj")
+        create_micro_lib(
+            runtime_obj_path, runtime_src_path, toolchain_prefix, include_dev_lib_header=False)
+
+        self.module = _CreateSession(device_type, runtime_obj_path, toolchain_prefix)
+        self._enter = self.module["enter"]
+        self._exit = self.module["exit"]
+
+    def _check_system(self):
+        """Check if the user's system is supported by MicroTVM.
+
+        Raises error if not supported.
+        """
+        if not sys.platform.startswith("linux"):
+            raise RuntimeError("microTVM is currently only supported on Linux")
+        # TODO(weberlo): Add 32-bit support.
+        # It's primarily the compilation pipeline that isn't compatible.
+        if sys.maxsize <= 2**32:
+            raise RuntimeError("microTVM is currently only supported on 64-bit platforms")
+
+    def __enter__(self):
+        self._enter()
+
+    def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_value, exc_traceback):
+        self._exit()
+
+
+def _get_micro_device_dir():
+    """Get directory path for uTVM runtime source files.
+
+    Return
+    ------
+    micro_device_dir : str
+        directory path
+    """
+    micro_dir = os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(os.path.expanduser(__file__)))
+    micro_device_dir = os.path.join(micro_dir, "..", "..", "..",
+                                    "src", "runtime", "micro", "device")
+    return micro_device_dir
+
+
+def cross_compiler(toolchain_prefix, include_dev_lib_header=True):
+    """Creates a cross compile function that wraps `create_micro_lib`.
+
+    For use in `tvm.module.Module.export_library`.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    toolchain_prefix : str
+        toolchain prefix to be used
+
+    include_dev_lib_header : Optional[bool]
+        whether to include the device library header containing definitions of
+        library functions.
+
+    Return
+    ------
+    func : Callable[[str, str, Optional[str]], None]
+        cross compile function taking a destination path for the object file
+        and a path for the input source file.
+
+    Example
+    --------
+    .. code-block:: python
+
+      c_mod = ...  # some module generated with "c" as the target
+      fcompile = tvm.micro.cross_compiler(toolchain_prefix="")
+      c_mod.export_library("dev_lib.obj", fcompile=fcompile)
+    """
+    def compile_func(obj_path, src_path, **kwargs):
+        if isinstance(obj_path, list):
+            obj_path = obj_path[0]
+        if isinstance(src_path, list):
+            src_path = src_path[0]
+        create_micro_lib(obj_path, src_path, toolchain_prefix,
+                         kwargs.get("options", None), include_dev_lib_header)
+    return _cc.cross_compiler(compile_func)
+
+
+def create_micro_lib(
+        obj_path, src_path, toolchain_prefix, options=None, include_dev_lib_header=True):
+    """Compiles code into a binary for the target micro device.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    obj_path : Optional[str]
+        path to generated object file (defaults to same directory as `src_path`)
+
+    src_path : str
+        path to source file
+
+    toolchain_prefix : str
+        toolchain prefix to be used
+
+    include_dev_lib_header : bool
+        whether to include the device library header containing definitions of
+        library functions.
+    """
+    def replace_suffix(s, new_suffix):
+        if "." in os.path.basename(s):
+            # There already exists an extension.
+            return os.path.join(
+                os.path.dirname(s),
+                ".".join(os.path.basename(s).split(".")[:-1] + [new_suffix]))
+        # No existing extension; we can just append.
+        return s + "." + new_suffix
+
+    # uTVM object files cannot have an ".o" suffix, because it triggers the
+    # code path for creating shared objects in `tvm.module.load`.  So we replace
+    # ".o" suffixes with ".obj".
+    if obj_path.endswith(".o"):
+        logging.warning(
+            "\".o\" suffix in \"%s\" has been replaced with \".obj\"", obj_path)
+        obj_path = replace_suffix(obj_path, "obj")
+
+    options = ["-I" + path for path in find_include_path()]
+    options += ["-I{}".format(_get_micro_device_dir())]
+    options += ["-fno-stack-protector"]
+    if sys.maxsize > 2**32 and sys.platform.startswith("linux"):
+        # Only add this option if the host is a 64-bit Linux.
+        options += ["-mcmodel=large"]
+    compile_cmd = "{}gcc".format(toolchain_prefix)
+
+    if include_dev_lib_header:
+        # Create a temporary copy of the source, so we can inject the dev lib
+        # header without modifying the original.
+        tmp_dir = _util.tempdir()
+        temp_src_path = tmp_dir.relpath("temp.c")
+        with open(src_path, "r") as f:
+            src_lines = f.read().splitlines()
+        src_lines.insert(0, "#include \"utvm_device_dylib_redirect.c\"")
+        with open(temp_src_path, "w") as f:
+            f.write("\n".join(src_lines))
+        src_path = temp_src_path
+
+    _cc.create_shared(obj_path, src_path, options, compile_cmd)
+
+
+_init_api("tvm.micro", "tvm.micro.base")

python/tvm/ndarray.py

@@ -189,6 +189,22 @@ def ext_dev(dev_id=0):
     return TVMContext(12, dev_id)
 
 
+def micro_dev(dev_id=0):
+    """Construct a micro device
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    dev_id : int, optional
+        The integer device id
+
+    Returns
+    -------
+    ctx : TVMContext
+        The created context
+    """
+    return TVMContext(13, dev_id)
+
+
 cl = opencl
 mtl = metal
 

src/api/api_pass.cc

@@ -6,9 +6,9 @@
  * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
  * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
  * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
- * 
+ *
  *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- * 
+ *
  * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
  * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
  * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY

src/codegen/codegen_c.cc

@@ -443,7 +443,7 @@ inline void PrintBinaryExpr(const T* op,
   }
 }
 
-inline void PrintBinaryIntrinsitc(const Call* op,
+inline void PrintBinaryIntrinsic(const Call* op,
                                   const char *opstr,
                                   std::ostream& os,  // NOLINT(*)
                                   CodeGenC* p) {
@@ -528,20 +528,20 @@ void CodeGenC::VisitExpr_(const Call *op, std::ostream& os) {  // NOLINT(*)
     }
     os << ")";
   } else if (op->is_intrinsic(Call::bitwise_and)) {
-    PrintBinaryIntrinsitc(op, " & ", os, this);
+    PrintBinaryIntrinsic(op, " & ", os, this);
   } else if (op->is_intrinsic(Call::bitwise_xor)) {
-    PrintBinaryIntrinsitc(op, " ^ ", os, this);
+    PrintBinaryIntrinsic(op, " ^ ", os, this);
   } else if (op->is_intrinsic(Call::bitwise_or)) {
-    PrintBinaryIntrinsitc(op, " | ", os, this);
+    PrintBinaryIntrinsic(op, " | ", os, this);
   } else if (op->is_intrinsic(Call::bitwise_not)) {
     CHECK_EQ(op->args.size(), 1U);
     os << "(~";
     this->PrintExpr(op->args[0], os);
     os << ')';
   } else if (op->is_intrinsic(Call::shift_left)) {
-    PrintBinaryIntrinsitc(op, " << ", os, this);
+    PrintBinaryIntrinsic(op, " << ", os, this);
   } else if (op->is_intrinsic(Call::shift_right)) {
-    PrintBinaryIntrinsitc(op, " >> ", os, this);
+    PrintBinaryIntrinsic(op, " >> ", os, this);
   } else if (op->is_intrinsic(intrinsic::tvm_if_then_else)) {
     os << "(";
     PrintExpr(op->args[0], os);

src/codegen/codegen_c.h

@@ -6,9 +6,9 @@
  * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
  * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
  * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
- * 
+ *
  *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- * 
+ *
  * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
  * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
  * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY

src/codegen/codegen_c_host.cc

@@ -31,13 +31,13 @@ namespace tvm {
 namespace codegen {
 
 CodeGenCHost::CodeGenCHost() {
-  module_name = GetUniqueName("__tvm_module_ctx");
+  module_name_ = GetUniqueName("__tvm_module_ctx");
 }
 
 void CodeGenCHost::Init(bool output_ssa) {
   decl_stream << "#include \"tvm/runtime/c_runtime_api.h\"\n";
   decl_stream << "#include \"tvm/runtime/c_backend_api.h\"\n";
-  decl_stream << "extern void* " << module_name << " = NULL;\n";
+  decl_stream << "extern void* " << module_name_ << " = NULL;\n";
   CodeGenC::Init(output_ssa);
 }
 
@@ -154,12 +154,13 @@ void CodeGenCHost::VisitExpr_(const Broadcast* op, std::ostream& os) {   // NOLI
   os << "))";
 }
 
-void CodeGenCHost::PrintGetFuncFromBackend(std::string func_name, std::string packed_func_name) {
+void CodeGenCHost::PrintGetFuncFromBackend(const std::string& func_name,
+                                           const std::string& packed_func_name) {
   this->PrintIndent();
   this->stream << "if (" << packed_func_name << " == NULL) {\n";
   int packed_func_if_scope = this->BeginScope();
   this->PrintIndent();
-  this->stream << "if (TVMBackendGetFuncFromEnv(" << module_name
+  this->stream << "if (TVMBackendGetFuncFromEnv(" << module_name_
               << ", \"" << func_name << "\""
               << ", &" << packed_func_name << ") != 0) {\n";
   int get_func_env_scope = this->BeginScope();
@@ -173,7 +174,7 @@ void CodeGenCHost::PrintGetFuncFromBackend(std::string func_name, std::string pa
   this->stream << "}\n";
 }
 
-void CodeGenCHost::PrintFuncCall(std::string packed_func_name, int num_args) {
+void CodeGenCHost::PrintFuncCall(const std::string& packed_func_name, int num_args) {
   this->PrintIndent();
   std::string ret_val = GetUniqueName("ret_val");
   std::string ret_type_code = GetUniqueName("ret_type_code");
@@ -251,6 +252,29 @@ void CodeGenCHost::VisitStmt_(const AssertStmt *op) { // NOLINT(*)
   this->PrintStmt(op->body);
 }
 
+void CodeGenCHost::VisitExpr_(const Min *op, std::ostream& os) {  // NOLINT(*)
+  PrintTernaryCondExpr(op, "<", os);
+}
+
+void CodeGenCHost::VisitExpr_(const Max *op, std::ostream& os) {  // NOLINT(*)
+  PrintTernaryCondExpr(op, ">", os);
+}
+
+template <typename T>
+inline void CodeGenCHost::PrintTernaryCondExpr(const T* op,
+                                           const char* compare,
+                                           std::ostream& os) {  // NOLINT(*)
+  std::ostringstream temp_a;
+  VisitExpr(op->a, temp_a);
+  std::string a_id = SSAGetID(temp_a.str(), op->a.type());
+  std::ostringstream temp_b;
+  VisitExpr(op->b, temp_b);
+  std::string b_id = SSAGetID(temp_b.str(), op->b.type());
+
+  os << "((" << a_id << ") " << compare << " (" << b_id << ") "
+     << "? (" << a_id << ") : (" << b_id << "))";
+}
+
 runtime::Module BuildCHost(Array<LoweredFunc> funcs) {
   using tvm::runtime::Registry;
   bool output_ssa = false;

src/codegen/codegen_c_host.h

@@ -45,12 +45,30 @@ class CodeGenCHost final : public CodeGenC {
   // overload visitor functions
   void VisitExpr_(const Broadcast* op, std::ostream& os) final; // NOLINT(*)
   void VisitExpr_(const Call *op, std::ostream& os) final; // NOLINT(*)
+  // overload min and max to use the ternary operator, so we don't rely on the
+  // standard library implementations
+  void VisitExpr_(const Min *op, std::ostream& os) final;  // NOLINT(*)
+  void VisitExpr_(const Max *op, std::ostream& os) final;  // NOLINT(*)
+
   void VisitStmt_(const AssertStmt *op) final; // NOLINT(*)
 
  private:
-  std::string module_name;
-  void PrintGetFuncFromBackend(std::string func_name, std::string packed_func_name);
-  void PrintFuncCall(std::string packed_func_name, int num_args);
+  std::string module_name_;
+
+  void PrintGetFuncFromBackend(const std::string& func_name, const std::string& packed_func_name);
+  void PrintFuncCall(const std::string& packed_func_name, int num_args);
+
+  /*!
+   * \brief Print ternary conditional operator implementing binary `op`
+   * Forces the operands to be in SSA form.
+   * \param op binary operator being expressed
+   * \param compare string representation of comparison operator
+   * \param os stream reference to print into
+   */
+  template <typename T>
+  inline void PrintTernaryCondExpr(const T* op,
+                                   const char* compare,
+                                   std::ostream& os);  // NOLINT(*)
 };
 
 }  // namespace codegen

src/runtime/micro/device/utvm_device_dylib_redirect.c

+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+
+/*!
+ *  Copyright (c) 2019 by Contributors
+ * \file utvm_device_dylib_redirect.cc
+ * \brief uTVM dynamic linking stubs
+ *
+ * This is a library that gets included in each uTVM library.  We redirect
+ * each library call into a pre-defined global function pointer, and we patch
+ * the correct addresses of each function into the pointers when we load the
+ * library.
+ */
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <stddef.h>
+
+void *(*TVMBackendAllocWorkspace_)(int, int, uint64_t, int, int) =
+    (void *(*)(int, int, uint64_t, int, int)) NULL;
+int (*TVMBackendFreeWorkspace_)(int, int, void*) = (int (*)(int, int, void*)) NULL;
+void (*TVMAPISetLastError_)(const char*) = (void (*)(const char*)) NULL;
+
+void* TVMBackendAllocWorkspace(int device_type, int device_id, uint64_t size,
+    int dtype_code_hint, int dtype_bits_hint) {
+  return (*TVMBackendAllocWorkspace_)(device_type, device_id, size, dtype_code_hint,
+                                      dtype_bits_hint);
+}
+
+int TVMBackendFreeWorkspace(int device_type, int device_id, void* ptr) {
+  return (*TVMBackendFreeWorkspace_)(device_type, device_id, ptr);
+}
+
+void TVMAPISetLastError(const char* msg) {
+  (*TVMAPISetLastError_)(msg);
+}
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}  // TVM_EXTERN_C
+#endif

src/runtime/micro/device/utvm_runtime.c

+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+
+/*!
+ *  Copyright (c) 2019 by Contributors
+ * \file utvm_runtime.cc
+ * \brief uTVM runtime
+ *
+ * All function calls go through `UTVMMain`, which reads from the current
+ * `UTVMTask` and calls the appropriate function with the arguments from the
+ * task.
+ *
+ * Additionally included in this file are definitions for some of the most
+ * common functions used in the C runtime API.
+ */
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+#include "utvm_runtime.h"
+
+// Task pointers must be patched before calling a function.
+UTVMTask task;
+
+// These pointers are patched at load time to point to the workspace section.
+char* utvm_workspace_begin = NULL;  // NOLINT(*)
+char* utvm_workspace_end = NULL;  // NOLINT(*)
+char* utvm_workspace_curr = NULL;  // NOLINT(*)
+// Keep track of how many active allocations there are on the workspace.
+size_t utvm_num_active_allocs = 0;
+
+const char* utvm_last_error = NULL;  // NOLINT(*)
+int32_t utvm_return_code = 0;  // NOLINT(*)
+
+// We use a dummy function to signal execution is finished for device
+// backends which require breakpoints.
+void UTVMDone() { }
+
+void UTVMMain() {
+  utvm_workspace_curr = utvm_workspace_begin;
+  utvm_num_active_allocs = 0;
+  utvm_last_error = NULL;  // NOLINT(*)
+  utvm_return_code = 0;
+  utvm_return_code = task.func((void*) task.arg_values, (void*) task.arg_type_codes,  // NOLINT(*)
+                               task.num_args);
+  UTVMDone();
+}
+
+void* TVMBackendAllocWorkspace(int device_type, int device_id, uint64_t size,
+                               int dtype_code_hint, int dtype_bits_hint) {
+  // Align up to 8 bytes.
+  utvm_workspace_curr += (8 - ((uintptr_t) utvm_workspace_curr % 8)) % 8;  // NOLINT(*)
+  if (utvm_workspace_curr + size > utvm_workspace_end) {
+    // Out of space in workspace.
+    return NULL;
+  }
+  void* ret_ptr = (void*) utvm_workspace_curr;  // NOLINT(*)
+  utvm_workspace_curr += size;
+  utvm_num_active_allocs++;
+  return ret_ptr;
+}
+
+int TVMBackendFreeWorkspace(int device_type, int device_id, void* ptr) {
+  utvm_num_active_allocs--;
+  if (utvm_num_active_allocs < 0) {
+    TVMAPISetLastError("free called with no active workspace allocations");
+    // Reset allocations and workspace (for future task executions).
+    utvm_num_active_allocs = 0;
+    utvm_workspace_curr = utvm_workspace_begin;
+    return -1;
+  } else if (utvm_num_active_allocs == 0) {
+    // No more allocations.  Reset workspace.
+    utvm_workspace_curr = utvm_workspace_begin;
+    return 0;
+  } else {
+    return 0;
+  }
+}
+
+void TVMAPISetLastError(const char* msg) {
+  utvm_last_error = msg;
+}
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}  // TVM_EXTERN_C
+#endif

src/runtime/micro/device/utvm_runtime.h

+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+
+/*!
+ *  Copyright (c) 2019 by Contributors
+ * \file utvm_runtime.h
+ * \brief uTVM runtime headers
+ */
+#ifndef TVM_RUNTIME_MICRO_DEVICE_UTVM_RUNTIME_H_
+#define TVM_RUNTIME_MICRO_DEVICE_UTVM_RUNTIME_H_
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <tvm/runtime/c_runtime_api.h>
+
+/*!
+ * \brief Task structure for uTVM
+ */
+typedef struct {
+  /*! \brief Pointer to function to call for this task */
+  int32_t (*func)(void*, void*, int32_t);
+  /*! \brief Array of argument values */
+  TVMValue* arg_values;
+  /*! \brief Array of type codes for each argument value */
+  int* arg_type_codes;
+  /*! \brief Number of arguments */
+  int32_t num_args;
+} UTVMTask;
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}  // TVM_EXTERN_C
+#endif
+
+#endif  // TVM_RUNTIME_MICRO_DEVICE_UTVM_RUNTIME_H_

src/runtime/micro/host_low_level_device.cc

+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+
+/*!
+ *  Copyright (c) 2019 by Contributors
+ * \file host_low_level_device.cc
+ * \brief emulated low-level micro device implementation on host machine
+ */
+
+#include <sys/mman.h>
+#include <cstring>
+#include <memory>
+#include "micro_common.h"
+#include "low_level_device.h"
+
+namespace tvm {
+namespace runtime {
+
+/*!
+ * \brief emulated low-level device on host machine
+ */
+class HostLowLevelDevice final : public LowLevelDevice {
+ public:
+  /*!
+   * \brief constructor to initialize on-host memory region to act as device
+   * \param num_bytes size of the emulated on-device memory region
+   */
+  explicit HostLowLevelDevice(size_t num_bytes) : size_(num_bytes) {
+    size_t size_in_pages = (num_bytes + kPageSize - 1) / kPageSize;
+    // TODO(weberlo): Set permissions per section (e.g., read-write perms for
+    // the heap, execute perms for text, etc.).
+    int mmap_prot = PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE | PROT_EXEC;
+    int mmap_flags = MAP_ANONYMOUS | MAP_PRIVATE;
+    base_addr_ = reinterpret_cast<std::uintptr_t>(
+        mmap(nullptr, size_in_pages * kPageSize, mmap_prot, mmap_flags, -1, 0));
+  }
+
+  /*!
+   * \brief destructor to deallocate on-host device region
+   */
+  virtual ~HostLowLevelDevice() {
+    munmap(reinterpret_cast<void*>(base_addr_), size_);
+  }
+
+  void Read(DevBaseOffset offset, void* buf, size_t num_bytes) {
+    void* addr = ToDevPtr(offset).cast_to<void*>();
+    std::memcpy(buf, addr, num_bytes);
+  }
+
+  void Write(DevBaseOffset offset, const void* buf, size_t num_bytes) {
+    void* addr = ToDevPtr(offset).cast_to<void*>();
+    std::memcpy(addr, buf, num_bytes);
+  }
+
+  void Execute(DevBaseOffset func_offset, DevBaseOffset breakpoint) {
+    DevPtr func_addr = ToDevPtr(func_offset);
+    reinterpret_cast<void (*)(void)>(func_addr.value())();
+  }
+
+  std::uintptr_t base_addr() const final {
+    return base_addr_;
+  }
+
+  const char* device_type() const final {
+    return "host";
+  }
+
+ private:
+  /*! \brief base address of the micro device memory region */
+  std::uintptr_t base_addr_;
+  /*! \brief size of memory region */
+  size_t size_;
+};
+
+const std::shared_ptr<LowLevelDevice> HostLowLevelDeviceCreate(size_t num_bytes) {
+  std::shared_ptr<LowLevelDevice> lld =
+      std::make_shared<HostLowLevelDevice>(num_bytes);
+  return lld;
+}
+
+}  // namespace runtime
+}  // namespace tvm

src/runtime/micro/low_level_device.h

+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+
+/*!
+ *  Copyright (c) 2019 by Contributors
+ * \file low_level_device.h
+ * \brief Abstract low-level micro device management
+ */
+#ifndef TVM_RUNTIME_MICRO_LOW_LEVEL_DEVICE_H_
+#define TVM_RUNTIME_MICRO_LOW_LEVEL_DEVICE_H_
+
+#include <memory>
+
+#include "micro_common.h"
+
+namespace tvm {
+namespace runtime {
+/*!
+ * \brief virtual interface for low-level micro device management
+ */
+class LowLevelDevice {
+ public:
+  /*! \brief virtual destructor */
+  virtual ~LowLevelDevice() {}
+
+  /*!
+   * \brief reads num_bytes from device memory at base_addr + offset into buffer
+   * \param offset on-device memory offset pointer to be read from
+   * \param buffer on-host buffer to be read into
+   * \param num_bytes number of bytes to be read
+   */
+  virtual void Read(DevBaseOffset offset,
+                    void* buffer,
+                    size_t num_bytes) = 0;
+
+  /*!
+   * \brief writes num_bytes from buffer to device memory at base_addr + offset
+   * \param offset on-device memory offset pointer to be written to
+   * \param buffer on-host buffer to be written
+   * \param num_bytes number of bytes to be written
+   */
+  virtual void Write(DevBaseOffset offset,
+                     const void* buffer,
+                     size_t num_bytes) = 0;
+
+  /*!
+   * \brief starts execution of device at offset
+   * \param func_addr offset of the init stub function
+   * \param breakpoint breakpoint at which to stop function execution
+   */
+  virtual void Execute(DevBaseOffset func_offset, DevBaseOffset breakpoint) = 0;
+
+  /*!
+   * \brief convert from base offset to absolute address
+   * \param offset base offset
+   */
+  DevPtr ToDevPtr(DevBaseOffset offset) {
+    return DevPtr(base_addr() + offset.value());
+  }
+
+  /*!
+   * \brief convert from absolute address to base offset
+   * \param ptr absolute address
+   */
+  DevBaseOffset ToDevOffset(DevPtr ptr) {
+    return DevBaseOffset(ptr.value() - base_addr());
+  }
+
+  /*!
+   * \brief getter function for low-level device type
+   * \return string containing device type
+   */
+  virtual const char* device_type() const = 0;
+
+ protected:
+  /*!
+   * \brief getter function for base_addr
+   * \return the base address of the device memory region
+   */
+  virtual std::uintptr_t base_addr() const = 0;
+};
+
+/*!
+ * \brief create a host low-level device
+ * \param num_bytes size of the memory region
+ */
+const std::shared_ptr<LowLevelDevice> HostLowLevelDeviceCreate(size_t num_bytes);
+
+}  // namespace runtime
+}  // namespace tvm
+#endif  // TVM_RUNTIME_MICRO_LOW_LEVEL_DEVICE_H_

src/runtime/micro/micro_common.cc

+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+
+/*!
+ *  Copyright (c) 2019 by Contributors
+ * \file micro_common.cc
+ * \brief common utilties for uTVM
+ */
+
+#include <tvm/runtime/c_runtime_api.h>
+#include <tvm/runtime/registry.h>
+#include <cstdio>
+#include <string>
+#include <sstream>
+#include <cstdint>
+#include "micro_session.h"
+#include "micro_common.h"
+#include "low_level_device.h"
+
+namespace tvm {
+namespace runtime {
+
+size_t GetDefaultSectionSize(SectionKind kind) {
+  switch (kind) {
+    case SectionKind::kText:
+      return 0xF0000;
+    case SectionKind::kRodata:
+      return 0xF000;
+    case SectionKind::kData:
+      return 0xF00;
+    case SectionKind::kBss:
+      return 0xF00;
+    case SectionKind::kArgs:
+      return 0xF00000;
+    case SectionKind::kStack:
+      return 0xF000;
+    case SectionKind::kHeap:
+      return 0xF000000;
+    case SectionKind::kWorkspace:
+      return 0xF000000;
+    default:
+      LOG(FATAL) << "invalid section " << static_cast<size_t>(kind);
+      return 0;
+  }
+}
+
+const char* SectionToString(SectionKind section) {
+  switch (section) {
+    case SectionKind::kText: return "text";
+    case SectionKind::kRodata: return "rodata";
+    case SectionKind::kData: return "data";
+    case SectionKind::kBss: return "bss";
+    case SectionKind::kArgs: return "args";
+    case SectionKind::kStack: return "stack";
+    case SectionKind::kHeap: return "heap";
+    case SectionKind::kWorkspace: return "workspace";
+    default: return "";
+  }
+}
+
+static std::string AddrToString(void* addr) {
+  std::stringstream stream;
+  if (addr != nullptr)
+    stream << addr;
+  else
+    stream << "0x0";
+  std::string string_addr = stream.str();
+  return string_addr;
+}
+
+std::string RelocateBinarySections(const std::string& binary_path,
+                                   DevPtr text,
+                                   DevPtr rodata,
+                                   DevPtr data,
+                                   DevPtr bss,
+                                   const std::string& toolchain_prefix) {
+  const auto* f = Registry::Get("tvm_callback_relocate_binary");
+  CHECK(f != nullptr)
+    << "Require tvm_callback_relocate_binary to exist in registry";
+  std::string relocated_bin = (*f)(binary_path,
+                                   AddrToString(text.cast_to<void*>()),
+                                   AddrToString(rodata.cast_to<void*>()),
+                                   AddrToString(data.cast_to<void*>()),
+                                   AddrToString(bss.cast_to<void*>()),
+                                   toolchain_prefix);
+  return relocated_bin;
+}
+
+std::string ReadSection(const std::string& binary,
+                        SectionKind section,
+                        const std::string& toolchain_prefix) {
+  CHECK(section == SectionKind::kText || section == SectionKind::kRodata ||
+        section == SectionKind::kData || section == SectionKind::kBss)
+      << "ReadSection requires section to be one of text, rodata, data, or bss.";
+  const auto* f = Registry::Get("tvm_callback_read_binary_section");
+  CHECK(f != nullptr)
+    << "Require tvm_callback_read_binary_section to exist in registry";
+  TVMByteArray arr;
+  arr.data = &binary[0];
+  arr.size = binary.length();
+  std::string section_contents = (*f)(arr, SectionToString(section), toolchain_prefix);
+  return section_contents;
+}
+
+size_t GetSectionSize(const std::string& binary_path,
+                      SectionKind section,
+                      const std::string& toolchain_prefix,
+                      size_t align) {
+  CHECK(section == SectionKind::kText || section == SectionKind::kRodata ||
+        section == SectionKind::kData || section == SectionKind::kBss)
+      << "GetSectionSize requires section to be one of text, rodata, data, or bss.";
+  const auto* f = Registry::Get("tvm_callback_get_section_size");
+  CHECK(f != nullptr)
+    << "Require tvm_callback_get_section_size to exist in registry";
+  int size = (*f)(binary_path, SectionToString(section), toolchain_prefix);
+  return UpperAlignValue(size, align);
+}
+
+}  // namespace runtime
+}  // namespace tvm

src/runtime/micro/micro_common.h

+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+
+/*!
+ *  Copyright (c) 2019 by Contributors
+ * \file micro_common.h
+ */
+#ifndef TVM_RUNTIME_MICRO_MICRO_COMMON_H_
+#define TVM_RUNTIME_MICRO_MICRO_COMMON_H_
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+#include <tvm/runtime/registry.h>
+
+#include <sstream>
+#include <string>
+#include <unordered_map>
+
+namespace tvm {
+namespace runtime {
+
+/*!
+ * \brief enum of device memory region sections
+ *
+ * The order in which the enum variants are defined also defines the order of
+ * the sections in device memory.
+ */
+enum class SectionKind : size_t {
+  kText = 0,
+  kRodata,
+  kData,
+  kBss,
+  kArgs,
+  kStack,
+  kHeap,
+  kWorkspace,
+  kNumKinds,
+};
+
+/*! \brief default size alignment */
+constexpr int kDefaultSizeAlignment = 8;
+
+/*! \brief Base class for interfacing with device locations (pointers/offsets) */
+class DeviceLocation {
+ public:
+  /*! \brief construct a location with value `value` */
+  explicit DeviceLocation(std::uintptr_t value) : value_(value) {}
+
+  /*! \brief default constructor */
+  DeviceLocation() : value_(0) {}
+
+  /*! \brief construct a null location */
+  explicit DeviceLocation(std::nullptr_t value) : value_(0) {}
+
+  /*! \brief destructor */
+  virtual ~DeviceLocation() {}
+
+  /*!
+   * \brief get value of location
+   * \return value of location
+   */
+  std::uintptr_t value() const { return value_; }
+
+  /*!
+   * \brief cast location to type `T`
+   * \return casted result
+   */
+  template <typename T>
+  T cast_to() const { return reinterpret_cast<T>(value_); }
+
+  /*! \brief check if location is null */
+  bool operator==(std::nullptr_t) const { return value_ == 0; }
+
+  /*! \brief check if location is not null */
+  bool operator!=(std::nullptr_t) const { return value_ != 0; }
+
+ protected:
+  /*! \brief raw value storing the location */
+  std::uintptr_t value_;
+};
+
+/*! \brief absolute device address */
+class DevPtr : public DeviceLocation {
+ public:
+  /*! \brief construct an absolute address with value `value` */
+  explicit DevPtr(std::uintptr_t val) : DeviceLocation(val) {}
+
+  /*! \brief default constructor */
+  DevPtr() : DeviceLocation() {}
+
+  /*! \brief construct a null absolute address */
+  explicit DevPtr(std::nullptr_t val) : DeviceLocation(val) {}
+
+  /*! \brief add an integer to this absolute address to get a larger absolute address */
+  DevPtr operator+(size_t n) const {
+    return DevPtr(value_ + n);
+  }
+
+  /*! \brief mutably add an integer to this absolute address */
+  DevPtr& operator+=(size_t n) {
+    value_ += n;
+    return *this;
+  }
+
+  /*! \brief subtract an integer from this absolute address to get a smaller absolute address */
+  DevPtr operator-(size_t n) const {
+    return DevPtr(value_ - n);
+  }
+
+  /*! \brief mutably subtract an integer from this absolute address */
+  DevPtr& operator-=(size_t n) {
+    value_ -= n;
+    return *this;
+  }
+};
+
+/*! \brief offset from device base address */
+class DevBaseOffset : public DeviceLocation {
+ public:
+  /*! \brief construct a base offset with value `value` */
+  explicit DevBaseOffset(std::uintptr_t value) : DeviceLocation(value) {}
+
+  /*! \brief default constructor */
+  DevBaseOffset() : DeviceLocation() {}
+
+  /*! \brief construct a null base offset */
+  explicit DevBaseOffset(std::nullptr_t value) : DeviceLocation(value) {}
+
+  /*! \brief add an integer to this base offset to get a larger base offset */
+  DevBaseOffset operator+(size_t n) const {
+    return DevBaseOffset(value_ + n);
+  }
+
+  /*! \brief mutably add an integer to this base offset */
+  DevBaseOffset& operator+=(size_t n) {
+    value_ += n;
+    return *this;
+  }
+
+  /*! \brief subtract an integer from this base offset to get a smaller base offset */
+  DevBaseOffset operator-(size_t n) const {
+    return DevBaseOffset(value_ - n);
+  }
+
+  /*! \brief mutably subtract an integer from this base offset */
+  DevBaseOffset& operator-=(size_t n) {
+    value_ -= n;
+    return *this;
+  }
+};
+
+/*!
+ * \brief map from symbols to their on-device offsets
+ */
+class SymbolMap {
+ public:
+  /*!
+   * \brief default constructor
+   */
+  SymbolMap() {}
+
+  /*!
+   * \brief constructor that builds the mapping
+   * \param binary contents of binary object file
+   * \param toolchain_prefix prefix of compiler toolchain to use
+   */
+  SymbolMap(const std::string& binary,
+            const std::string& toolchain_prefix) {
+    const auto* f = Registry::Get("tvm_callback_get_symbol_map");
+    CHECK(f != nullptr) << "require tvm_callback_get_symbol_map to exist in registry";
+    TVMByteArray arr;
+    arr.data = &binary[0];
+    arr.size = binary.length();
+    std::string map_str = (*f)(arr, toolchain_prefix);
+    // Parse symbols and addresses from returned string.
+    std::stringstream stream;
+    stream << map_str;
+    std::string name;
+    std::uintptr_t addr;
+    stream >> name;
+    stream >> std::hex >> addr;
+    while (stream) {
+      map_[name] = DevPtr(addr);
+      stream >> name;
+      stream >> std::hex >> addr;
+    }
+  }
+
+  /*!
+   * \brief retrieve on-device offset for a symbol name
+   * \param name name of the symbol
+   * \return on-device offset of the symbol
+   */
+  DevPtr operator[](const std::string& name) const {
+    auto result = map_.find(name);
+    CHECK(result != map_.end()) << "\"" << name << "\" not in symbol map";
+    return result->second;
+  }
+
+ private:
+  /*! \brief backing map */
+  std::unordered_map<std::string, DevPtr> map_;
+};
+
+/*! \brief struct containing start and size of a device memory region */
+struct DevMemRegion {
+  /*! \brief section start offset */
+  DevBaseOffset start;
+  /*! \brief size of section */
+  size_t size;
+};
+
+/*! \brief struct containing section locations and symbol mappings */
+struct BinaryInfo {
+  /*! \brief text section region */
+  DevMemRegion text_section;
+  /*! \brief rodata section region */
+  DevMemRegion rodata_section;
+  /*! \brief data section region */
+  DevMemRegion data_section;
+  /*! \brief bss section region */
+  DevMemRegion bss_section;
+  /*! \brief symbol map to offsets */
+  SymbolMap symbol_map;
+};
+
+// TODO(weberlo): should this be here?
+/*! \brief number of bytes in each page */
+constexpr int kPageSize = 4096;
+
+const DevBaseOffset kDeviceStart = DevBaseOffset(64);
+
+/*!
+ * \brief return default size of given section kind in bytes
+ */
+size_t GetDefaultSectionSize(SectionKind kind);
+
+/*!
+ * \brief upper-aligns value according to specified alignment
+ * \param value value to be aligned
+ * \param align alignment
+ * \return upper-aligned value
+ */
+inline size_t UpperAlignValue(size_t value, size_t align) {
+  return value + (align - (value % align)) % align;
+}
+
+/*!
+ * \brief maps section enums to text
+ * \param section section type
+ * \return text form of the specified section
+ */
+const char* SectionToString(SectionKind section);
+
+/*!
+ * \brief links binary by repositioning section addresses
+ * \param binary_name input binary filename
+ * \param text new text section address
+ * \param rodata new rodata section address
+ * \param data new data section address
+ * \param bss new bss section address
+ * \param toolchain_prefix prefix of compiler toolchain to use
+ * \return relocated binary file contents
+ */
+std::string RelocateBinarySections(const std::string& binary_name,
+                                   DevPtr text,
+                                   DevPtr rodata,
+                                   DevPtr data,
+                                   DevPtr bss,
+                                   const std::string& toolchain_prefix);
+
+/*!
+ * \brief reads section from binary
+ * \param binary input binary contents
+ * \param section section type to be read
+ * \param toolchain_prefix prefix of compiler toolchain to use
+ * \return contents of the section
+ */
+std::string ReadSection(const std::string& binary,
+                        SectionKind section,
+                        const std::string& toolchain_prefix);
+
+/*!
+ * \brief finds size of the section in the binary
+ * \param binary input binary contents
+ * \param section section type
+ * \param toolchain_prefix prefix of compiler toolchain to use
+ * \param align alignment of the returned size (default: 8)
+ * \return size of the section if it exists, 0 otherwise
+ */
+size_t GetSectionSize(const std::string& binary_name,
+                      SectionKind section,
+                      const std::string& toolchain_prefix,
+                      size_t align = kDefaultSizeAlignment);
+
+}  // namespace runtime
+}  // namespace tvm
+#endif  // TVM_RUNTIME_MICRO_MICRO_COMMON_H_

src/runtime/micro/micro_device_api.cc

+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+
+/*!
+ *  Copyright (c) 2019 by Contributors
+ * \file micro_device_api.cc
+ */
+
+#include <tvm/runtime/registry.h>
+#include <tvm/runtime/device_api.h>
+#include <tvm/runtime/c_runtime_api.h>
+#include "../workspace_pool.h"
+#include "micro_session.h"
+
+namespace tvm {
+namespace runtime {
+/*!
+ * \brief device API for uTVM micro devices
+ */
+class MicroDeviceAPI final : public DeviceAPI {
+ public:
+  /*! \brief constructor */
+  MicroDeviceAPI() { }
+
+  void SetDevice(TVMContext ctx) final {}
+
+  void GetAttr(TVMContext ctx, DeviceAttrKind kind, TVMRetValue* rv) final {
+    if (kind == kExist) {
+      *rv = 1;
+    }
+  }
+
+  void* AllocDataSpace(TVMContext ctx,
+                       size_t nbytes,
+                       size_t alignment,
+                       TVMType type_hint) final {
+    std::shared_ptr<MicroSession>& session = MicroSession::Current();
+    void* data = session->AllocateInSection(SectionKind::kHeap, nbytes).cast_to<void*>();
+    CHECK(data != nullptr) << "unable to allocate " << nbytes << " bytes on device heap";
+    MicroDevSpace* dev_space = new MicroDevSpace();
+    dev_space->data = data;
+    dev_space->session = session;
+    return static_cast<void*>(dev_space);
+  }
+
+  void FreeDataSpace(TVMContext ctx, void* ptr) final {
+    MicroDevSpace* dev_space = static_cast<MicroDevSpace*>(ptr);
+    dev_space->session->FreeInSection(
+      SectionKind::kHeap, DevBaseOffset(reinterpret_cast<std::uintptr_t>(dev_space->data)));
+    delete dev_space;
+  }
+
+  void CopyDataFromTo(const void* from,
+                      size_t from_offset,
+                      void* to,
+                      size_t to_offset,
+                      size_t size,
+                      TVMContext ctx_from,
+                      TVMContext ctx_to,
+                      TVMType type_hint,
+                      TVMStreamHandle stream) final {
+    std::tuple<int, int> type_from_to(ctx_from.device_type, ctx_to.device_type);
+    if (type_from_to == std::make_tuple(kDLMicroDev, kDLMicroDev)) {
+      // Copying from the device to the device.
+
+      MicroDevSpace* from_space = static_cast<MicroDevSpace*>(const_cast<void*>(from));
+      MicroDevSpace* to_space = static_cast<MicroDevSpace*>(const_cast<void*>(to));
+      CHECK(from_space->session == to_space->session)
+          << "attempt to copy data between different micro sessions (" << from_space->session
+          << " != " << to_space->session << ")";
+      CHECK(ctx_from.device_id == ctx_to.device_id)
+        << "can only copy between the same micro device";
+      std::shared_ptr<MicroSession>& session = from_space->session;
+      const std::shared_ptr<LowLevelDevice>& lld = session->low_level_device();
+
+      DevBaseOffset from_dev_offset = GetDevLoc(from_space, from_offset);
+      DevBaseOffset to_dev_offset = GetDevLoc(to_space, to_offset);
+
+      std::vector<uint8_t> buffer(size);
+      lld->Read(from_dev_offset, static_cast<void*>(buffer.data()), size);
+      lld->Write(to_dev_offset, static_cast<void*>(buffer.data()), size);
+    } else if (type_from_to == std::make_tuple(kDLMicroDev, kDLCPU)) {
+      // Reading from the device.
+
+      MicroDevSpace* from_space = static_cast<MicroDevSpace*>(const_cast<void*>(from));
+      std::shared_ptr<MicroSession>& session = from_space->session;
+      const std::shared_ptr<LowLevelDevice>& lld = session->low_level_device();
+
+      DevBaseOffset from_dev_offset = GetDevLoc(from_space, from_offset);
+      void* to_host_ptr = GetHostLoc(to, to_offset);
+      lld->Read(from_dev_offset, to_host_ptr, size);
+    } else if (type_from_to == std::make_tuple(kDLCPU, kDLMicroDev)) {
+      // Writing to the device.
+
+      MicroDevSpace* to_space = static_cast<MicroDevSpace*>(const_cast<void*>(to));
+      std::shared_ptr<MicroSession>& session = to_space->session;
+      const std::shared_ptr<LowLevelDevice>& lld = session->low_level_device();
+
+      void* from_host_ptr = GetHostLoc(from, from_offset);
+      DevBaseOffset to_dev_offset = GetDevLoc(to_space, to_offset);
+      lld->Write(to_dev_offset, from_host_ptr, size);
+    } else {
+      LOG(FATAL) << "Expect copy from/to micro device or between micro device\n";
+    }
+  }
+
+  void StreamSync(TVMContext ctx, TVMStreamHandle stream) final {
+  }
+
+  void* AllocWorkspace(TVMContext ctx, size_t size, TVMType type_hint) final {
+    std::shared_ptr<MicroSession>& session = MicroSession::Current();
+
+    void* data = session->AllocateInSection(SectionKind::kWorkspace, size).cast_to<void*>();
+    CHECK(data != nullptr) << "unable to allocate " << size << " bytes on device workspace";
+    MicroDevSpace* dev_space = new MicroDevSpace();
+    dev_space->data = data;
+    dev_space->session = session;
+    return static_cast<void*>(dev_space);
+  }
+
+  void FreeWorkspace(TVMContext ctx, void* data) final {
+    MicroDevSpace* dev_space = static_cast<MicroDevSpace*>(data);
+    std::shared_ptr<MicroSession>& session = dev_space->session;
+    session->FreeInSection(SectionKind::kWorkspace,
+                           DevBaseOffset(reinterpret_cast<std::uintptr_t>(dev_space->data)));
+    delete dev_space;
+  }
+
+  /*!
+   * \brief obtain a global singleton of MicroDeviceAPI
+   * \return global shared pointer to MicroDeviceAPI
+   */
+  static const std::shared_ptr<MicroDeviceAPI>& Global() {
+    static std::shared_ptr<MicroDeviceAPI> inst = std::make_shared<MicroDeviceAPI>();
+    return inst;
+  }
+
+ private:
+  DevBaseOffset GetDevLoc(MicroDevSpace* dev_space, size_t offset) {
+    DevBaseOffset dev_offset =
+        DevBaseOffset(reinterpret_cast<std::uintptr_t>(dev_space->data) + offset);
+    return dev_offset;
+  }
+
+  void* GetHostLoc(const void* ptr, size_t offset) {
+    return reinterpret_cast<void*>(reinterpret_cast<std::uintptr_t>(ptr) + offset);
+  }
+};
+
+// register device that can be obtained from Python frontend
+TVM_REGISTER_GLOBAL("device_api.micro_dev")
+.set_body([](TVMArgs args, TVMRetValue* rv) {
+    DeviceAPI* ptr = MicroDeviceAPI::Global().get();
+    *rv = static_cast<void*>(ptr);
+    });
+}  // namespace runtime
+}  // namespace tvm

src/runtime/micro/micro_module.cc

+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+
+/*!
+*  Copyright (c) 2019 by Contributors
+* \file micro_module.cc
+*/
+
+#include <tvm/runtime/registry.h>
+#include <tvm/runtime/c_runtime_api.h>
+#include <tvm/runtime/module.h>
+#include <unordered_map>
+#include <string>
+#include "micro_session.h"
+#include "low_level_device.h"
+#include "micro_common.h"
+#include "../pack_args.h"
+
+namespace tvm {
+namespace runtime {
+/*!
+ * \brief module for uTVM micro devices
+ */
+class MicroModuleNode final : public ModuleNode {
+ public:
+  MicroModuleNode() {}
+
+  ~MicroModuleNode() {}
+
+  const char* type_key() const final {
+    return "micro";
+  }
+
+  PackedFunc GetFunction(const std::string& name,
+                         const std::shared_ptr<ModuleNode>& sptr_to_self) final;
+
+  /*!
+   * \brief initializes module by establishing device connection and loads binary
+   * \param binary_path path of the binary to be loaded
+   */
+  void InitMicroModule(const std::string& binary_path) {
+    session_ = MicroSession::Current();
+    binary_path_ = binary_path;
+    binary_info_ = session_->LoadBinary(binary_path_);
+  }
+
+  /*!
+   * \brief runs selected function on the micro device
+   * \param func_name name of the function to be run
+   * \param func_offset offset of the function to be run
+   * \param args type-erased arguments passed to the function
+   */
+  void RunFunction(const std::string& func_name, DevBaseOffset func_offset, const TVMArgs& args) {
+    session_->PushToExecQueue(func_offset, args);
+  }
+
+ private:
+  /*! \brief module binary info */
+  BinaryInfo binary_info_;
+  /*! \brief path to module binary */
+  std::string binary_path_;
+  /*! \brief global session pointer */
+  std::shared_ptr<MicroSession> session_;
+};
+
+class MicroWrappedFunc {
+ public:
+  MicroWrappedFunc(MicroModuleNode* m,
+                   std::shared_ptr<MicroSession> session,
+                   const std::string& func_name,
+                   DevBaseOffset func_offset) {
+    m_ = m;
+    session_ = session;
+    func_name_ = func_name;
+    func_offset_ = func_offset;
+  }
+
+  void operator()(TVMArgs args, TVMRetValue* rv) const {
+    m_->RunFunction(func_name_, func_offset_, args);
+  }
+
+ private:
+  /*! \brief internal module */
+  MicroModuleNode* m_;
+  /*! \brief reference to the session for this function (to keep the session alive) */
+  std::shared_ptr<MicroSession> session_;
+  /*! \brief name of the function */
+  std::string func_name_;
+  /*! \brief offset of the function to be called */
+  DevBaseOffset func_offset_;
+};
+
+PackedFunc MicroModuleNode::GetFunction(
+    const std::string& name,
+    const std::shared_ptr<ModuleNode>& sptr_to_self) {
+  DevBaseOffset func_offset =
+      session_->low_level_device()->ToDevOffset(binary_info_.symbol_map[name]);
+  MicroWrappedFunc f(this, session_, name, func_offset);
+  return PackedFunc(f);
+}
+
+// register loadfile function to load module from Python frontend
+TVM_REGISTER_GLOBAL("module.loadfile_micro_dev")
+.set_body([](TVMArgs args, TVMRetValue* rv) {
+    std::shared_ptr<MicroModuleNode> n = std::make_shared<MicroModuleNode>();
+    n->InitMicroModule(args[0]);
+    *rv = runtime::Module(n);
+    });
+}  // namespace runtime
+}  // namespace tvm

src/runtime/micro/micro_section_allocator.h

+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+
+/*!
+ *  Copyright (c) 2019 by Contributors
+ * \file micro_section_allocator.h
+ */
+#ifndef TVM_RUNTIME_MICRO_MICRO_SECTION_ALLOCATOR_H_
+#define TVM_RUNTIME_MICRO_MICRO_SECTION_ALLOCATOR_H_
+
+#include <unordered_map>
+#include "micro_common.h"
+
+namespace tvm {
+namespace runtime {
+
+/*!
+ * \brief allocator for an on-device memory section
+ */
+class MicroSectionAllocator {
+ public:
+  /*!
+   * \brief constructor that specifies section boundaries
+   * \param region location and size of the section on the device
+   */
+  explicit MicroSectionAllocator(DevMemRegion region)
+    : start_offset_(region.start),
+      size_(0),
+      capacity_(region.size) {
+      CHECK_EQ(start_offset_.value() % 8, 0) << "micro section not aligned to 8 bytes";
+    }
+
+  /*!
+   * \brief destructor
+   */
+  ~MicroSectionAllocator() {}
+
+  /*!
+   * \brief memory allocator
+   * \param size size of allocated memory in bytes
+   * \return pointer to allocated memory region in section, nullptr if out of space
+   */
+  DevBaseOffset Allocate(size_t size) {
+    size_ = UpperAlignValue(size_, 8);
+    CHECK(size_ + size < capacity_)
+        << "cannot alloc " << size << " bytes in section with start_addr " <<
+        start_offset_.value();
+    DevBaseOffset alloc_ptr = start_offset_ + size_;
+    size_ += size;
+    alloc_map_[alloc_ptr.value()] = size;
+    return alloc_ptr;
+  }
+
+  /*!
+   * \brief free prior allocation from section
+   * \param offs offset to allocated memory
+   * \note simple allocator scheme, more complex versions will be implemented later
+   */
+  void Free(DevBaseOffset offs) {
+    std::uintptr_t ptr = offs.value();
+    CHECK(alloc_map_.find(ptr) != alloc_map_.end()) << "freed pointer was never allocated";
+    alloc_map_.erase(ptr);
+    if (alloc_map_.empty()) {
+      size_ = 0;
+    }
+  }
+
+  /*!
+   * \brief start offset of the memory region managed by this allocator
+   */
+  DevBaseOffset start_offset() const { return start_offset_; }
+
+  /*!
+   * \brief current end offset of the space being used in this memory region
+   */
+  DevBaseOffset curr_end_offset() const { return start_offset_ + size_; }
+
+  /*!
+   * \brief end offset of the memory region managed by this allocator
+   */
+  DevBaseOffset max_end_offset() const { return start_offset_ + capacity_; }
+
+  /*!
+   * \brief size of the section
+   */
+  size_t size() const { return size_; }
+
+  /*!
+   * \brief capacity of the section
+   */
+  size_t capacity() const { return capacity_; }
+
+ private:
+  /*! \brief start address of the section */
+  DevBaseOffset start_offset_;
+  /*! \brief current size of the section */
+  size_t size_;
+  /*! \brief total storage capacity of the section */
+  size_t capacity_;
+  /*! \brief allocation map for allocation sizes */
+  std::unordered_map<std::uintptr_t, size_t> alloc_map_;
+};
+
+}  // namespace runtime
+}  // namespace tvm
+#endif  // TVM_RUNTIME_MICRO_MICRO_SECTION_ALLOCATOR_H_

src/runtime/micro/micro_session.h

+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+
+/*!
+ *  Copyright (c) 2019 by Contributors
+ * \file micro_session.h
+ */
+#ifndef TVM_RUNTIME_MICRO_MICRO_SESSION_H_
+#define TVM_RUNTIME_MICRO_MICRO_SESSION_H_
+
+#include "micro_common.h"
+#include "micro_section_allocator.h"
+
+#include <tvm/runtime/registry.h>
+#include <tvm/runtime/c_runtime_api.h>
+
+#include <memory>
+#include <string>
+#include <unordered_map>
+#include <vector>
+#include <tuple>
+
+#include "low_level_device.h"
+#include "device/utvm_runtime.h"
+#include "target_data_layout_encoder.h"
+
+namespace tvm {
+namespace runtime {
+
+/*!
+ * \brief session for facilitating micro device interaction
+ */
+class MicroSession : public ModuleNode {
+ public:
+  /*!
+   * \brief Get member function to front-end
+   * \param name The name of the function.
+   * \param sptr_to_self The pointer to the module node.
+   * \return The corresponding member function.
+   */
+  virtual PackedFunc GetFunction(const std::string& name,
+                                 const std::shared_ptr<ModuleNode>& sptr_to_self);
+
+  /*!
+   * \return The type key of the executor.
+   */
+  const char* type_key() const final {
+    return "MicroSession";
+  }
+
+  /*!
+   * \brief constructor
+   */
+  MicroSession();
+
+  /*!
+   * \brief destructor
+   */
+  ~MicroSession();
+
+  static std::shared_ptr<MicroSession>& Current();
+
+  /*!
+   * \brief creates session by setting up a low-level device and initting allocators for it
+   * \param args TVMArgs passed into the micro.init packedfunc
+   */
+  void CreateSession(const std::string& device_type,
+                     const std::string& binary_path,
+                     const std::string& toolchain_prefix);
+
+  /*!
+   * \brief ends the session by destructing the low-level device and its allocators
+   */
+  void EndSession();
+
+  /*!
+   * \brief allocate memory in section
+   * \param type type of section to allocate in
+   * \param size size of allocated memory in bytes
+   * \return pointer to allocated memory region in section, nullptr if out of space
+   */
+  DevBaseOffset AllocateInSection(SectionKind type, size_t size);
+
+  /*!
+   * \brief free prior allocation from section
+   * \param type type of section to allocate in
+   * \param ptr pointer to allocated memory
+   */
+  void FreeInSection(SectionKind type, DevBaseOffset ptr);
+
+  /*!
+   * \brief read string from device to host
+   * \param str_offset device offset of first character of string
+   * \return host copy of device string that was read
+   */
+  std::string ReadString(DevBaseOffset str_offset);
+
+  /*!
+   * \brief sets up runtime metadata for `func` and copies arguments for on-device execution
+   * \param func address of the function to be executed
+   * \param args args to the packed function
+   */
+  void PushToExecQueue(DevBaseOffset func, const TVMArgs& args);
+
+  /*!
+   * \brief loads binary onto device
+   * \param binary_path path to binary object file
+   * \param patch_dylib_pointers whether runtime API function pointer patching is needed
+   * \return info about loaded binary
+   */
+  BinaryInfo LoadBinary(const std::string& binary_path, bool patch_dylib_pointers = true);
+
+  /*!
+  * \brief read value of symbol from device memory
+  * \param symbol_map symbol map to read location of symbol from
+  * \param symbol name of symbol being read from
+  * \return value at symbol in memory
+  */
+  template <typename T>
+  T DevSymbolRead(const SymbolMap& symbol_map, const std::string& symbol);
+
+  /*!
+  * \brief write value into device memory corresponding to symbol
+  * \param symbol_map symbol map to read location of symbol from
+  * \param symbol name of symbol being written to
+  * \param value value being written into symbol
+   */
+  template <typename T>
+  void DevSymbolWrite(const SymbolMap& symbol_map, const std::string& symbol, const T& value);
+
+  /*!
+   * \brief returns low-level device pointer
+   * \note assumes low-level device has been initialized
+   */
+  const std::shared_ptr<LowLevelDevice>& low_level_device() const {
+    CHECK(low_level_device_ != nullptr) << "attempt to get uninitialized low-level device";
+    return low_level_device_;
+  }
+
+ private:
+  /*! \brief low-level device pointer */
+  std::shared_ptr<LowLevelDevice> low_level_device_;
+  /*! \brief prefix for binary names in target compiler toolchain */
+  std::string toolchain_prefix_;
+  /*! \brief array of memory allocators for each on-device section */
+  std::shared_ptr<MicroSectionAllocator>
+      section_allocators_[static_cast<size_t>(SectionKind::kNumKinds)];
+  /*! \brief total number of bytes of usable device memory for this session */
+  size_t memory_size_;
+  /*! \brief uTVM runtime binary info */
+  BinaryInfo runtime_bin_info_;
+  /*! \brief path to uTVM runtime source code */
+  std::string runtime_binary_path_;
+  /*! \brief offset of the runtime entry function */
+  DevBaseOffset utvm_main_symbol_;
+  /*! \brief offset of the runtime exit breakpoint */
+  DevBaseOffset utvm_done_symbol_;
+
+  /*!
+   * \brief patches a function pointer in this module to an implementation
+   * \param func_name name of the function pointer being patched
+   */
+  void PatchImplHole(const SymbolMap& symbol_map, const std::string& func_name);
+
+  /*!
+   * \brief sets the runtime binary path
+   * \param path to runtime binary
+   */
+  void SetRuntimeBinaryPath(std::string path);
+
+  /*!
+   * \brief appends arguments to the host-side buffer of `encoder`
+   * \param encoder encoder being used to append `args`
+   * \param args args to be appended
+   * \return device address of the allocated args
+   */
+  std::tuple<DevPtr, DevPtr> EncoderAppend(TargetDataLayoutEncoder* encoder, const TVMArgs& args);
+
+  /*!
+   * \brief appends a `TVMArray` to the host-side buffer of `encoder`
+   * \param encoder encoder being used to append `arr`
+   * \param arr TVMArray to be appended
+   * \return device address of the allocated `TVMArray`
+   */
+  DevPtr EncoderAppend(TargetDataLayoutEncoder* encoder, const TVMArray& arr);
+
+  /*!
+   * \brief checks and logs if there was an error during the device's most recent execution
+   */
+  void CheckDeviceError();
+
+  /*!
+   * \brief returns section allocator corresponding to the given section kind
+   * \param kind kind of target section
+   * \return shared pointer to section allocator
+   */
+  std::shared_ptr<MicroSectionAllocator> GetAllocator(SectionKind kind) {
+    return section_allocators_[static_cast<size_t>(kind)];
+  }
+
+  /*!
+   * \brief returns the symbol map for the uTVM runtime
+   * \return reference to symbol map
+   */
+  const SymbolMap& runtime_symbol_map() {
+    return runtime_bin_info_.symbol_map;
+  }
+
+  /*!
+    * \brief Push a new session context onto the thread-local stack.
+    *  The session on top of the stack is used as the current global session.
+    */
+  static void EnterWithScope(std::shared_ptr<MicroSession> session);
+  /*!
+    * \brief Pop a session off the thread-local context stack,
+    *  restoring the previous session as the current context.
+    */
+  static void ExitWithScope();
+};
+
+/*!
+ * \brief a device memory region associated with the session that allocated it
+ *
+ * We use this to store a reference to the session in each allocated object and
+ * only deallocate the session once there are no more references to it.
+ */
+struct MicroDevSpace {
+  /*! \brief data being wrapped */
+  void* data;
+  /*! \brief shared ptr to session where this data is valid */
+  std::shared_ptr<MicroSession> session;
+};
+
+}  // namespace runtime
+}  // namespace tvm
+#endif  // TVM_RUNTIME_MICRO_MICRO_SESSION_H_

src/runtime/micro/target_data_layout_encoder.h

+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+
+/*!
+ *  Copyright (c) 2019 by Contributors
+ * \file target_data_layout_encoder.h
+ * \brief uTVM data layout encoder
+ */
+#ifndef TVM_RUNTIME_MICRO_TARGET_DATA_LAYOUT_ENCODER_H_
+#define TVM_RUNTIME_MICRO_TARGET_DATA_LAYOUT_ENCODER_H_
+
+#include <vector>
+#include "device/utvm_runtime.h"
+
+namespace tvm {
+namespace runtime {
+
+// TODO(weberlo): Handle endianness.
+
+/*!
+ * \brief data encoder for uTVM that builds a host-side buffer
+ */
+class TargetDataLayoutEncoder {
+ public:
+  /*!
+   * \brief helper class for writing into `TargetDataLayoutEncoder`
+   */
+  template <typename T>
+  class Slot {
+   public:
+    /*!
+     * \brief constructor
+     * \param parent pointer to parent encoder
+     * \param start_offset start byte offset of the slot in the backing buffer
+     * \param size size (in bytes) of the memory region allocated for this slot
+     * \param start_addr start address of the slot in the device's memory
+     */
+    Slot(TargetDataLayoutEncoder* parent, size_t start_offset, size_t size, DevPtr start_addr);
+
+    ~Slot();
+
+    /*!
+     * \brief writes `sizeof(T) * num_elems` bytes of data from `arr`
+     * \param arr array to be read from
+     * \param num_elems number of elements in array
+     */
+    void WriteArray(const T* arr, size_t num_elems);
+
+    /*!
+     * \brief writes `val`
+     * \param val value to be written
+     */
+    void WriteValue(const T& val);
+
+    /*!
+     * \brief returns start address of the slot in device memory
+     * \return device start address
+     */
+    DevPtr start_addr();
+
+    /*!
+     * \brief returns number of bytes allocated for this slot
+     * \return size of this slot
+     */
+    size_t size();
+
+   private:
+    /*! \brief pointer to parent encoder */
+    TargetDataLayoutEncoder* parent_;
+    /*! \brief start offset of the slot in the parent's backing parent_buffer */
+    size_t start_offset_;
+    /*! \brief current offset relative to the start offset of this slot */
+    size_t curr_offset_;
+    /*! \brief size (in bytes) of the memory region allocated for this slot */
+    size_t size_;
+    /*! \brief start address of the slot in the device's memory */
+    DevPtr start_addr_;
+  };
+
+  /*!
+   * \brief constructor
+   * \param start_addr start address of the encoder in device memory
+   */
+  explicit TargetDataLayoutEncoder(DevPtr start_addr)
+      : buf_(std::vector<uint8_t>()), curr_offset_(0) {
+    start_addr_ = DevPtr(UpperAlignValue(start_addr.value(), 8));
+  }
+
+  /*!
+   * \brief allocates a slot for `sizeof(T) * num_elems` bytes of data
+   * \param num_elems number of elements of type `T` being allocated (defaults to 1)
+   * \return slot of size `sizeof(T) * num_elems` bytes
+   */
+  template <typename T>
+  Slot<T> Alloc(size_t num_elems = 1) {
+    curr_offset_ = UpperAlignValue(curr_offset_, 8);
+    size_t size = sizeof(T) * num_elems;
+    if (curr_offset_ + size > buf_.size()) {
+      buf_.resize(curr_offset_ + size);
+    }
+    size_t slot_start_offset = curr_offset_;
+    curr_offset_ += size;
+    return Slot<T>(this, slot_start_offset, size, start_addr_ + slot_start_offset);
+  }
+
+  /*!
+   * \brief returns the array backing the encoder's buffer
+   * \return array backing the encoder's buffer
+   */
+  uint8_t* data() {
+    return buf_.data();
+  }
+
+  /*!
+   * \brief returns current size of the encoder's buffer
+   * \return buffer size
+   */
+  size_t buf_size() {
+    return buf_.size();
+  }
+
+ private:
+  /*! \brief in-memory backing buffer */
+  std::vector<uint8_t> buf_;
+  /*! \brief current offset */
+  size_t curr_offset_;
+  /*! \brief start address of the encoder in device memory */
+  DevPtr start_addr_;
+};
+
+template <typename T>
+TargetDataLayoutEncoder::Slot<T>::Slot(TargetDataLayoutEncoder* parent,
+                                       size_t start_offset,
+                                       size_t size,
+                                       DevPtr start_addr)
+    : parent_(parent),
+      start_offset_(start_offset),
+      curr_offset_(0),
+      size_(size),
+      start_addr_(start_addr) {}
+
+template <typename T>
+TargetDataLayoutEncoder::Slot<T>::~Slot() {
+  CHECK(curr_offset_ == size_) << "unwritten space in slot";
+}
+
+template <typename T>
+void TargetDataLayoutEncoder::Slot<T>::WriteArray(const T* arr, size_t num_elems) {
+  if (num_elems == 0) return;
+  size_t size = sizeof(T) * num_elems;
+  CHECK(curr_offset_ + size <= size_) << "not enough space in slot";
+  uint8_t* curr_ptr = &(parent_->data())[start_offset_ + curr_offset_];
+  std::memcpy(curr_ptr, arr, size);
+  curr_offset_ += size;
+}
+
+template <typename T>
+void TargetDataLayoutEncoder::Slot<T>::WriteValue(const T& val) {
+  WriteArray(&val, 1);
+}
+
+template <typename T>
+DevPtr TargetDataLayoutEncoder::Slot<T>::start_addr() {
+  return start_addr_;
+}
+
+template <typename T>
+size_t TargetDataLayoutEncoder::Slot<T>::size() {
+  return size_;
+}
+
+}  // namespace runtime
+}  // namespace tvm
+#endif  // TVM_RUNTIME_MICRO_TARGET_DATA_LAYOUT_ENCODER_H_

src/runtime/module.cc

@@ -6,9 +6,9 @@
  * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
  * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
  * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
- * 
+ *
  *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- * 
+ *
  * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
  * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
  * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
@@ -139,6 +139,8 @@ bool RuntimeEnabled(const std::string& target) {
     f_name = "device_api.rpc";
   } else if (target == "vpi" || target == "verilog") {
     f_name = "device_api.vpi";
+  } else if (target == "micro_dev") {
+    f_name = "device_api.micro_dev";
   } else if (target.length() >= 5 && target.substr(0, 5) == "nvptx") {
     f_name = "device_api.gpu";
   } else if (target.length() >= 4 && target.substr(0, 4) == "rocm") {

tests/python/contrib/test_binutil.py

+# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+# or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+# distributed with this work for additional information
+# regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+# to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+# "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+# with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+# software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+# "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+# KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+# specific language governing permissions and limitations
+# under the License.
+"""Test various utilities for interaction with compiled binaries.
+
+Specifically, we test the following capabilities:
+  - querying the size of a binary section
+  - relocating sections within a binary to new addresses
+  - reading the contents of a binary section
+  - querying the address of a symbol in the binary
+"""
+
+import tvm
+import subprocess
+from tvm.contrib import util
+from tvm.contrib import cc
+from tvm.contrib.binutil import *
+
+TOOLCHAIN_PREFIX = ""
+
+def make_binary():
+    prog = "int a = 7; \
+            int main() { \
+                int b = 5; \
+                return 0; \
+            }"
+    tmp_dir = util.tempdir()
+    tmp_source = tmp_dir.relpath("source.c")
+    tmp_obj = tmp_dir.relpath("obj.obj")
+    with open(tmp_source, "w") as f:
+        f.write(prog)
+    cc.create_shared(tmp_obj, tmp_source, [],
+                     compile_cmd="{}gcc".format(TOOLCHAIN_PREFIX))
+    prog_bin = bytearray(open(tmp_obj, "rb").read())
+    return prog_bin
+
+
+def test_tvm_callback_get_section_size(binary=None):
+    if binary is None:
+        binary = make_binary()
+    tmp_dir = util.tempdir()
+    tmp_bin = tmp_dir.relpath("obj.bin")
+    with open(tmp_bin, "wb") as f:
+        f.write(binary)
+    def verify():
+        print("Text section size: %d" %
+              tvm_callback_get_section_size(tmp_bin, "text", TOOLCHAIN_PREFIX))
+        print("Data section size: %d" %
+              tvm_callback_get_section_size(tmp_bin, "data", TOOLCHAIN_PREFIX))
+        print("Bss section size: %d" %
+              tvm_callback_get_section_size(tmp_bin, "bss", TOOLCHAIN_PREFIX))
+        print()
+    verify()
+
+
+def test_tvm_callback_relocate_binary():
+    binary = make_binary()
+    tmp_dir = util.tempdir()
+    tmp_bin = tmp_dir.relpath("obj.bin")
+    with open(tmp_bin, "wb") as f:
+        f.write(binary)
+    def verify():
+        text_loc_str = "0x0"
+        rodata_loc_str = "0x10000"
+        data_loc_str = "0x20000"
+        bss_loc_str = "0x30000"
+        rel_bin = tvm_callback_relocate_binary(
+            tmp_bin, text_loc_str, rodata_loc_str, data_loc_str, bss_loc_str, TOOLCHAIN_PREFIX)
+        print("Relocated binary section sizes")
+        test_tvm_callback_get_section_size(binary=rel_bin)
+        relf = tmp_dir.relpath("rel.bin")
+        with open(relf, "wb") as f:
+            f.write(rel_bin)
+        nm_proc = subprocess.Popen(["nm", "-C", "--defined-only", relf],
+                                   stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
+                                   stderr=subprocess.STDOUT)
+        (out, _) = nm_proc.communicate()
+        # Ensure the relocated symbols are within the ranges we specified.
+        text_loc = int(text_loc_str, 16)
+        data_loc = int(data_loc_str, 16)
+        bss_loc = int(bss_loc_str, 16)
+        symbol_entries = out.decode("utf-8").split("\n")
+        for entry in symbol_entries:
+            if len(entry) == 0:
+                continue
+            sym_loc, section, sym_name = entry.split(' ')
+            sym_loc = int(sym_loc, 16)
+            if section == 'T':  # text
+                assert sym_loc >= text_loc and sym_loc < data_loc
+            elif section == 'D':  # data
+                assert sym_loc >= data_loc and sym_loc < bss_loc
+            elif section == 'B':  # bss
+                assert sym_loc >= bss_loc
+    verify()
+
+
+def test_tvm_callback_read_binary_section():
+    binary = make_binary()
+    def verify():
+        text_bin = tvm_callback_read_binary_section(binary, "text", TOOLCHAIN_PREFIX)
+        data_bin = tvm_callback_read_binary_section(binary, "data", TOOLCHAIN_PREFIX)
+        bss_bin = tvm_callback_read_binary_section(binary, "bss", TOOLCHAIN_PREFIX)
+        print("Read text section part of binary? %r" % (text_bin in binary))
+        print("Read data section part of binary? %r" % (data_bin in binary))
+        print("Read bss section part of binary? %r" % (bss_bin in binary))
+        print()
+    verify()
+
+
+def test_tvm_callback_get_symbol_map():
+    binary = make_binary()
+    tmp_dir = util.tempdir()
+    tmp_bin = tmp_dir.relpath("obj.bin")
+    with open(tmp_bin, "wb") as f:
+        f.write(binary)
+    def verify():
+        text_loc_str = "0x0"
+        rodata_loc_str = "0x10000"
+        data_loc_str = "0x20000"
+        bss_loc_str = "0x30000"
+        rel_bin = tvm_callback_relocate_binary(
+            tmp_bin, text_loc_str, rodata_loc_str, data_loc_str, bss_loc_str, TOOLCHAIN_PREFIX)
+        symbol_map = tvm_callback_get_symbol_map(rel_bin, TOOLCHAIN_PREFIX)
+        symbols = set()
+        for i, line in enumerate(symbol_map.split('\n')):
+            # Every other line is the value the symbol maps to.
+            if i % 2 == 0:
+                symbols.add(line)
+        assert "a" in symbols
+        assert "main" in symbols
+    verify()
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    test_tvm_callback_get_section_size()
+    test_tvm_callback_relocate_binary()
+    test_tvm_callback_read_binary_section()
+    test_tvm_callback_get_symbol_map()

tests/python/unittest/test_codegen_c_host.py

@@ -95,31 +95,6 @@ def test_add_pipeline():
     with tvm.build_config(offset_factor=4):
         check_c()
 
-
-def test_reinterpret():
-    nn = 1024
-    n = tvm.convert(nn)
-    A = tvm.placeholder((n,), name='A', dtype="int32")
-    B = tvm.compute(A.shape, lambda *i: tvm.call_pure_intrin("float32", "reinterpret", A(*i)), name='B')
-    s = tvm.create_schedule(B.op)
-
-    def check_c():
-        mhost = tvm.build(s, [A, B], "c", name="reinterpret")
-        temp = util.tempdir()
-        path_dso = temp.relpath("temp.so")
-        mhost.export_library(path_dso)
-        m = tvm.module.load(path_dso)
-        fadd = m['reinterpret']
-        ctx = tvm.cpu(0)
-        n = nn
-        a = tvm.nd.array(np.random.randint(-2 ** 30, 2 ** 30, size=n).astype(A.dtype), ctx)
-        b = tvm.nd.array(np.zeros(n, dtype=B.dtype), ctx)
-        fadd(a, b)
-        tvm.testing.assert_allclose(
-            b.asnumpy(), a.asnumpy().view('float32'))
-    check_c()
-
 if __name__ == "__main__":
     test_add()
     test_add_pipeline()
-    test_reinterpret()

tests/python/unittest/test_codegen_c_host_fadd.py

+# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+# or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+# distributed with this work for additional information
+# regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+# to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+# "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+# with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+# software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+# "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+# KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+# specific language governing permissions and limitations
+# under the License.
+import tvm
+import numpy as np
+from tvm import relay
+from tvm.contrib import util
+
+def test_add():
+    nn = 1024
+    n = tvm.convert(nn)
+    A = tvm.placeholder((n,), name='A')
+    B = tvm.placeholder((n,), name='B')
+    C = tvm.compute(A.shape, lambda *i: A(*i) + B(*i), name='C')
+    s = tvm.create_schedule(C.op)
+
+    def check_c():
+        mhost = tvm.build(s, [A, B, C], "c", name="fadd")
+        temp = util.tempdir()
+        path_dso = temp.relpath("temp.so")
+        mhost.export_library(path_dso)
+        print(mhost.get_source())
+        m = tvm.module.load(path_dso)
+        fadd = m['fadd']
+        ctx = tvm.cpu(0)
+        # launch the kernel.
+        n = nn
+        a = tvm.nd.array(np.random.uniform(size=n).astype(A.dtype), ctx)
+        b = tvm.nd.array(np.random.uniform(size=n).astype(B.dtype), ctx)
+        c = tvm.nd.array(np.zeros(n, dtype=C.dtype), ctx)
+        fadd(a, b, c)
+        tvm.testing.assert_allclose(
+           c.asnumpy(), a.asnumpy() + b.asnumpy())
+    check_c()
+
+def test_relay_id():
+    # x = relay.var("x")
+    # f = relay.Function([x], x)
+    x = relay.var('x', shape=[])
+    func = relay.Function([x], x)
+    ttype = relay.TensorType([], dtype='float32')
+    relay.FuncType([ttype], ttype)
+    mod = relay.module.Module()
+    func_gvar = relay.GlobalVar("f")
+    mod[func_gvar] = func
+    print(mod)
+
+
+def test_add_pipeline():
+    nn = 1024
+    n = tvm.convert(nn)
+    A = tvm.placeholder((n,), name='A')
+    B = tvm.placeholder((n,), name='B')
+    AA = tvm.compute((n,), lambda *i: A(*i), name='A')
+    BB = tvm.compute((n,), lambda *i: B(*i), name='B')
+    T = tvm.compute(A.shape, lambda *i: AA(*i) + BB(*i), name='T')
+    C = tvm.compute(A.shape, lambda *i: T(*i), name='C')
+    s = tvm.create_schedule(C.op)
+    xo, xi = s[C].split(C.op.axis[0], factor=4)
+    xo1, xo2 = s[C].split(xo, factor=13)
+    s[C].parallel(xo2)
+    s[C].pragma(xo1, "parallel_launch_point")
+    s[C].pragma(xo2, "parallel_stride_pattern")
+    s[C].pragma(xo2, "parallel_barrier_when_finish")
+    s[C].vectorize(xi)
+
+    def check_c():
+        if not tvm.module.enabled("llvm"):
+            return
+        # Specifically allow offset to test codepath when offset is available
+        Ab = tvm.decl_buffer(
+            A.shape, A.dtype,
+            elem_offset=tvm.var('Aoffset'),
+            offset_factor=8,
+            name='A')
+        binds = {A : Ab}
+        # BUILD and invoke the kernel.
+        f1 = tvm.lower(s, [A,B,C], name="fadd_pipeline")
+        fsplits = [x for x in tvm.ir_pass.SplitHostDevice(f1)]
+        fsplits[0] = tvm.ir_pass.LowerTVMBuiltin(fsplits[0])
+        mhost = tvm.codegen.build_module(fsplits[0], "c")
+        temp = util.tempdir()
+        path_dso = temp.relpath("temp.so")
+        mhost.export_library(path_dso)
+        m = tvm.module.load(path_dso)
+        fadd = m["fadd_pipeline"]
+        ctx = tvm.cpu(0)
+        # launch the kernel.
+        n = nn
+        a = tvm.nd.array(np.random.uniform(size=n).astype(A.dtype), ctx)
+        b = tvm.nd.array(np.random.uniform(size=n).astype(B.dtype), ctx)
+        c = tvm.nd.array(np.zeros(n, dtype=C.dtype), ctx)
+        fadd(a, b, c)
+        tvm.testing.assert_allclose(
+            c.asnumpy(), a.asnumpy() + b.asnumpy())
+
+    with tvm.build_config(offset_factor=4):
+        check_c()
+
+
+def test_reinterpret():
+    nn = 1024
+    n = tvm.convert(nn)
+    A = tvm.placeholder((n,), name='A', dtype="int32")
+    B = tvm.compute(A.shape, lambda *i: tvm.call_pure_intrin("float32", "reinterpret", A(*i)), name='B')
+    s = tvm.create_schedule(B.op)
+
+    def check_c():
+        mhost = tvm.build(s, [A, B], "c", name="reinterpret")
+        temp = util.tempdir()
+        path_dso = temp.relpath("temp.so")
+        mhost.export_library(path_dso)
+        m = tvm.module.load(path_dso)
+        fadd = m['reinterpret']
+        ctx = tvm.cpu(0)
+        n = nn
+        a = tvm.nd.array(np.random.randint(-2 ** 30, 2 ** 30, size=n).astype(A.dtype), ctx)
+        b = tvm.nd.array(np.zeros(n, dtype=B.dtype), ctx)
+        fadd(a, b)
+        tvm.testing.assert_allclose(
+            b.asnumpy(), a.asnumpy().view('float32'))
+    check_c()
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    test_add()
+    test_add_pipeline()
+    test_reinterpret()

topi/python/topi/generic/nn.py

@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ def _default_schedule(outs, auto_inline):
     """Default schedule for llvm."""
     target = tvm.target.current_target(allow_none=False)
     outs = [outs] if isinstance(outs, tvm.tensor.Tensor) else outs
-    if target.target_name != "llvm":
+    if target.target_name not in ("llvm", "c"):
         raise RuntimeError("schedule not registered for '%s'" % target)
     s = tvm.create_schedule([x.op for x in outs])
     if auto_inline:

topi/python/topi/testing/pool_grad_python.py

@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ def pool_grad_nchw(a_np, out_grad_np,
     pad_np = np.zeros(shape=(n, ic, ih+pt+pb, iw+pl+pr)).astype(dtype)
     no_zero = (range(n), range(ic), (range(pt, ih+pt)), (range(pl, iw+pl)))
     pad_np[np.ix_(*no_zero)] = a_np
-    _, oc, oh, ow = out_grad_np.shape
+    _, _, oh, ow = out_grad_np.shape
     pool_grad_np = np.zeros(shape=a_np.shape)
     pad_pool_grad_np = np.zeros(shape=pad_np.shape)