Commit 1492a408 by Jonathan Wakely Committed by Jonathan Wakely

re PR libstdc++/57226 (The installation of pretty printers is not documented)

	PR libstdc++/57226
	* doc/xml/manual/debug.xml (debug.gdb): Update documentation for
	installation and use of python printers.
	* doc/xml/manual/status_cxx2011.xml: Update.
	* doc/html/*: Regenerate.

From-SVN: r207288
parent 3100142a
......@@ -41,6 +41,12 @@
PR libstdc++/21609
* include/ext/array_allocator.h: Add deprecated attribute.
PR libstdc++/57226
* doc/xml/manual/debug.xml (debug.gdb): Update documentation for
installation and use of python printers.
* doc/xml/manual/status_cxx2011.xml: Update.
* doc/html/*: Regenerate.
2014-01-28 Jonathan Wakely <jwakely@redhat.com>
Kyle Lippincott <spectral@google.com>
......
......@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
<a class="link" href="http://www.fsf.org/" target="_top">FSF
</a>
</p></div><div><div class="legalnotice"><a id="idm140623083743856"></a><p>
</p></div><div><div class="legalnotice"><a id="idm234612107216"></a><p>
<a class="link" href="manual/license.html" title="License">License
</a>
</p></div></div></div><hr /></div><p>
......
......@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
2008, 2010
<a class="link" href="http://www.fsf.org" target="_top">FSF</a>
</p></div></div><hr /></div><div class="qandaset"><a id="idm140623083442864"></a><dl><dt></dt><dd><dl><dt>1.1. <a href="faq.html#faq.what">
</p></div></div><hr /></div><div class="qandaset"><a id="idm234616871040"></a><dl><dt></dt><dd><dl><dt>1.1. <a href="faq.html#faq.what">
What is libstdc++?
</a></dt><dt>1.2. <a href="faq.html#faq.why">
Why should I use libstdc++?
......@@ -296,7 +296,22 @@
executable is run the linker finds and loads the required shared
libraries by searching a pre-configured list of directories. If
the directory where you've installed libstdc++ is not in this list
then the libraries won't be found. The simplest way to fix this is
then the libraries won't be found.
</p><p>
If you already have an older version of libstdc++ installed then the
error might look like one of the following instead:
</p><pre class="screen">
./a.out: /usr/lib/libstdc++.so.6: version `GLIBCXX_3.4.20' not found
./a.out: /usr/lib/libstdc++.so.6: version `CXXABI_1.3.8' not found
</pre><p>
This means the linker found <code class="filename">/usr/lib/libstdc++.so.6</code>
but that library belongs to an older version of GCC than was used to
compile and link the program <code class="filename">a.out</code> (or some part
of it). The program depends on code defined in the newer libstdc++
that belongs to the newer version of GCC, so the linker must be told
how to find the newer libstdc++ shared library.
</p><p>
The simplest way to fix this is
to use the <code class="literal">LD_LIBRARY_PATH</code> environment variable,
which is a colon-separated list of directories in which the linker
will search for shared libraries:
......@@ -304,6 +319,11 @@
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${prefix}/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
</pre><p>
Here the shell variable <span class="command"><strong>${prefix}</strong></span> is assumed to contain
the directory prefix where GCC was installed to. The directory containing
the library might depend on whether you want the 32-bit or 64-bit copy
of the library, so for example would be
<code class="filename">${prefix}/lib64</code> on some systems.
The exact environment variable to use will depend on your
platform, e.g. DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH for Darwin,
LD_LIBRARY_PATH_32/LD_LIBRARY_PATH_64 for Solaris 32-/64-bit
......@@ -312,7 +332,8 @@
See the man pages for <span class="command"><strong>ld</strong></span>, <span class="command"><strong>ldd</strong></span>
and <span class="command"><strong>ldconfig</strong></span> for more information. The dynamic
linker has different names on different platforms but the man page
is usually called something such as <code class="filename">ld.so/rtld/dld.so</code>.
is usually called something such as <code class="filename">ld.so</code>,
<code class="filename">rtld</code> or <code class="filename">dld.so</code>.
</p><p>
Using LD_LIBRARY_PATH is not always the best solution, <a class="link" href="manual/using_dynamic_or_shared.html#manual.intro.using.linkage.dynamic" title="Finding Dynamic or Shared Libraries">Finding Dynamic or Shared
Libraries</a> in the manual gives some alternatives.
......@@ -511,6 +532,7 @@
<a class="link" href="manual/status.html#status.iso.1998" title="C++ 1998/2003">C++98</a>,
<a class="link" href="manual/status.html#status.iso.tr1" title="C++ TR1">TR1</a>, and
<a class="link" href="manual/status.html#status.iso.2011" title="C++ 2011">C++11</a>.
<a class="link" href="manual/status.html#status.iso.2014" title="C++ 2014">C++14</a>.
</p></td></tr><tr class="question"><td align="left" valign="top"><a id="faq.standard_bugs"></a><a id="q-standard_bugs"></a><p><strong>5.2.</strong></p></td><td align="left" valign="top"><p>
Bugs in the ISO C++ language or library specification
</p></td></tr><tr class="answer"><td align="left" valign="top"><a id="a-standard_bugs"></a></td><td align="left" valign="top"><p>
......
......@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
Standard Contents
</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="numerics.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr /></div><div class="chapter"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a id="std.algorithms"></a>Chapter 11. 
Algorithms
<a id="idm140623070692736" class="indexterm"></a>
<a id="idm234602676352" class="indexterm"></a>
</h2></div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><strong>Table of Contents</strong></p><dl class="toc"><dt><span class="section"><a href="algorithms.html#std.algorithms.mutating">Mutating</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="algorithms.html#algorithms.mutating.swap"><code class="function">swap</code></a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="algorithms.html#algorithms.swap.specializations">Specializations</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl></div><p>
The neatest accomplishment of the algorithms section is that all the
work is done via iterators, not containers directly. This means two
......
......@@ -77,11 +77,11 @@ _Alloc_traits</code> have been removed.
<span class="type">__alloc</span> to select an underlying allocator that
satisfied memory allocation requests. The selection of this
underlying allocator was not user-configurable.
</p><div class="table"><a id="idm140623063857152"></a><p class="title"><strong>Table B.6. Extension Allocators</strong></p><div class="table-contents"><table summary="Extension Allocators" border="1"><colgroup><col align="left" class="c1" /><col align="left" class="c2" /><col align="left" class="c3" /><col align="left" class="c4" /></colgroup><thead><tr><th align="left">Allocator (3.4)</th><th align="left">Header (3.4)</th><th align="left">Allocator (3.[0-3])</th><th align="left">Header (3.[0-3])</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left"><code class="classname">__gnu_cxx::new_allocator&lt;T&gt;</code></td><td align="left"><code class="filename">ext/new_allocator.h</code></td><td align="left"><code class="classname">std::__new_alloc</code></td><td align="left"><code class="filename">memory</code></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code class="classname">__gnu_cxx::malloc_allocator&lt;T&gt;</code></td><td align="left"><code class="filename">ext/malloc_allocator.h</code></td><td align="left"><code class="classname">std::__malloc_alloc_template&lt;int&gt;</code></td><td align="left"><code class="filename">memory</code></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code class="classname">__gnu_cxx::debug_allocator&lt;T&gt;</code></td><td align="left"><code class="filename">ext/debug_allocator.h</code></td><td align="left"><code class="classname">std::debug_alloc&lt;T&gt;</code></td><td align="left"><code class="filename">memory</code></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code class="classname">__gnu_cxx::__pool_alloc&lt;T&gt;</code></td><td align="left"><code class="filename">ext/pool_allocator.h</code></td><td align="left"><code class="classname">std::__default_alloc_template&lt;bool,int&gt;</code></td><td align="left"><code class="filename">memory</code></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code class="classname">__gnu_cxx::__mt_alloc&lt;T&gt;</code></td><td align="left"><code class="filename">ext/mt_allocator.h</code></td><td align="left"> </td><td align="left"> </td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code class="classname">__gnu_cxx::bitmap_allocator&lt;T&gt;</code></td><td align="left"><code class="filename">ext/bitmap_allocator.h</code></td><td align="left"> </td><td align="left"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><br class="table-break" /><p> Releases after gcc-3.4 have continued to add to the collection
</p><div class="table"><a id="idm234595838080"></a><p class="title"><strong>Table B.6. Extension Allocators</strong></p><div class="table-contents"><table summary="Extension Allocators" border="1"><colgroup><col align="left" class="c1" /><col align="left" class="c2" /><col align="left" class="c3" /><col align="left" class="c4" /></colgroup><thead><tr><th align="left">Allocator (3.4)</th><th align="left">Header (3.4)</th><th align="left">Allocator (3.[0-3])</th><th align="left">Header (3.[0-3])</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left"><code class="classname">__gnu_cxx::new_allocator&lt;T&gt;</code></td><td align="left"><code class="filename">ext/new_allocator.h</code></td><td align="left"><code class="classname">std::__new_alloc</code></td><td align="left"><code class="filename">memory</code></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code class="classname">__gnu_cxx::malloc_allocator&lt;T&gt;</code></td><td align="left"><code class="filename">ext/malloc_allocator.h</code></td><td align="left"><code class="classname">std::__malloc_alloc_template&lt;int&gt;</code></td><td align="left"><code class="filename">memory</code></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code class="classname">__gnu_cxx::debug_allocator&lt;T&gt;</code></td><td align="left"><code class="filename">ext/debug_allocator.h</code></td><td align="left"><code class="classname">std::debug_alloc&lt;T&gt;</code></td><td align="left"><code class="filename">memory</code></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code class="classname">__gnu_cxx::__pool_alloc&lt;T&gt;</code></td><td align="left"><code class="filename">ext/pool_allocator.h</code></td><td align="left"><code class="classname">std::__default_alloc_template&lt;bool,int&gt;</code></td><td align="left"><code class="filename">memory</code></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code class="classname">__gnu_cxx::__mt_alloc&lt;T&gt;</code></td><td align="left"><code class="filename">ext/mt_allocator.h</code></td><td align="left"> </td><td align="left"> </td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code class="classname">__gnu_cxx::bitmap_allocator&lt;T&gt;</code></td><td align="left"><code class="filename">ext/bitmap_allocator.h</code></td><td align="left"> </td><td align="left"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><br class="table-break" /><p> Releases after gcc-3.4 have continued to add to the collection
of available allocators. All of these new allocators are
standard-style. The following table includes details, along with
the first released version of GCC that included the extension allocator.
</p><div class="table"><a id="idm140623063829520"></a><p class="title"><strong>Table B.7. Extension Allocators Continued</strong></p><div class="table-contents"><table summary="Extension Allocators Continued" border="1"><colgroup><col align="left" class="c1" /><col align="left" class="c2" /><col align="left" class="c3" /></colgroup><thead><tr><th align="left">Allocator</th><th align="left">Include</th><th align="left">Version</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left"><code class="classname">__gnu_cxx::array_allocator&lt;T&gt;</code></td><td align="left"><code class="filename">ext/array_allocator.h</code></td><td align="left">4.0.0</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code class="classname">__gnu_cxx::throw_allocator&lt;T&gt;</code></td><td align="left"><code class="filename">ext/throw_allocator.h</code></td><td align="left">4.2.0</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><br class="table-break" /><p>
</p><div class="table"><a id="idm234595810448"></a><p class="title"><strong>Table B.7. Extension Allocators Continued</strong></p><div class="table-contents"><table summary="Extension Allocators Continued" border="1"><colgroup><col align="left" class="c1" /><col align="left" class="c2" /><col align="left" class="c3" /></colgroup><thead><tr><th align="left">Allocator</th><th align="left">Include</th><th align="left">Version</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left"><code class="classname">__gnu_cxx::array_allocator&lt;T&gt;</code></td><td align="left"><code class="filename">ext/array_allocator.h</code></td><td align="left">4.0.0</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code class="classname">__gnu_cxx::throw_allocator&lt;T&gt;</code></td><td align="left"><code class="filename">ext/throw_allocator.h</code></td><td align="left">4.2.0</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><br class="table-break" /><p>
Debug mode first appears.
</p><p>
Precompiled header support <acronym class="acronym">PCH</acronym> support.
......
......@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
Appendices
</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="source_organization.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr /></div><div class="appendix"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 class="title"><a id="appendix.contrib"></a>
Contributing
<a id="idm140623065010896" class="indexterm"></a>
<a id="idm234596994656" class="indexterm"></a>
</h1></div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><strong>Table of Contents</strong></p><dl class="toc"><dt><span class="section"><a href="appendix_contributing.html#contrib.list">Contributor Checklist</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="appendix_contributing.html#list.reading">Reading</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="appendix_contributing.html#list.copyright">Assignment</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="appendix_contributing.html#list.getting">Getting Sources</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="appendix_contributing.html#list.patches">Submitting Patches</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="source_organization.html">Directory Layout and Source Conventions</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="source_code_style.html">Coding Style</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="source_code_style.html#coding_style.bad_identifiers">Bad Identifiers</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="source_code_style.html#coding_style.example">By Example</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="source_design_notes.html">Design Notes</a></span></dt></dl></div><p>
The GNU C++ Library is part of GCC and follows the same development model,
so the general rules for
......
......@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
Appendices
</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="appendix_gpl.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr /></div><div class="appendix"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 class="title"><a id="appendix.free"></a>
Free Software Needs Free Documentation
<a id="idm140623063461552" class="indexterm"></a>
<a id="idm234595441264" class="indexterm"></a>
</h1></div></div></div><p>
The biggest deficiency in free operating systems is not in the
software--it is the lack of good free manuals that we can include in
......
......@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@
</p><p>
The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and modification
follow.
</p><h2><a id="idm140623063421360"></a>
</p><h2><a id="idm234595401136"></a>
TERMS AND CONDITIONS
</h2><h2><a id="gpl-3-definitions"></a>
0. Definitions.
......@@ -618,7 +618,7 @@
waiver of all civil liability in connection with the Program, unless a
warranty or assumption of liability accompanies a copy of the Program in
return for a fee.
</p><h2><a id="idm140623063322432"></a>
</p><h2><a id="idm234595302208"></a>
END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
</h2><h2><a id="HowToApply"></a>
How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs
......
......@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
Appendices
</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="documentation_hacking.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr /></div><div class="appendix"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 class="title"><a id="appendix.porting"></a>
Porting and Maintenance
<a id="idm140623064878960" class="indexterm"></a>
<a id="idm234596862848" class="indexterm"></a>
</h1></div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><strong>Table of Contents</strong></p><dl class="toc"><dt><span class="section"><a href="appendix_porting.html#appendix.porting.build_hacking">Configure and Build Hacking</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="appendix_porting.html#build_hacking.prereq">Prerequisites</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="appendix_porting.html#build_hacking.overview">Overview</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="appendix_porting.html#build_hacking.overview.basic">General Process</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="appendix_porting.html#build_hacking.overview.map">What Comes from Where</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="appendix_porting.html#build_hacking.configure">Configure</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="appendix_porting.html#build_hacking.configure.scripts">Storing Information in non-AC files (like configure.host)</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="appendix_porting.html#build_hacking.configure.conventions">Coding and Commenting Conventions</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="appendix_porting.html#build_hacking.configure.acinclude">The acinclude.m4 layout</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="appendix_porting.html#build_hacking.configure.enable"><code class="constant">GLIBCXX_ENABLE</code>, the <code class="literal">--enable</code> maker</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="appendix_porting.html#build_hacking.make">Make</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="documentation_hacking.html">Writing and Generating Documentation</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="documentation_hacking.html#doc.intro">Introduction</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="documentation_hacking.html#doc.generation">Generating Documentation</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="documentation_hacking.html#doc.doxygen">Doxygen</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="documentation_hacking.html#doxygen.prereq">Prerequisites</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="documentation_hacking.html#doxygen.rules">Generating the Doxygen Files</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="documentation_hacking.html#doxygen.debug">Debugging Generation</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="documentation_hacking.html#doxygen.markup">Markup</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="documentation_hacking.html#doc.docbook">Docbook</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="documentation_hacking.html#docbook.prereq">Prerequisites</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="documentation_hacking.html#docbook.rules">Generating the DocBook Files</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="documentation_hacking.html#docbook.debug">Debugging Generation</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="documentation_hacking.html#docbook.validation">Editing and Validation</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="documentation_hacking.html#docbook.examples">File Organization and Basics</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="documentation_hacking.html#docbook.markup">Markup By Example</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="internals.html">Porting to New Hardware or Operating Systems</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="internals.html#internals.os">Operating System</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="internals.html#internals.cpu">CPU</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="internals.html#internals.char_types">Character Types</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="internals.html#internals.thread_safety">Thread Safety</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="internals.html#internals.numeric_limits">Numeric Limits</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="internals.html#internals.libtool">Libtool</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="test.html">Test</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="test.html#test.organization">Organization</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="test.html#test.organization.layout">Directory Layout</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="test.html#test.organization.naming">Naming Conventions</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="test.html#test.run">Running the Testsuite</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="test.html#test.run.basic">Basic</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="test.html#test.run.variations">Variations</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="test.html#test.run.permutations">Permutations</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="test.html#test.new_tests">Writing a new test case</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="test.html#test.harness">Test Harness and Utilities</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="test.html#test.harness.dejagnu">Dejagnu Harness Details</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="test.html#test.harness.utils">Utilities</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="test.html#test.special">Special Topics</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="test.html#test.exception.safety">
Qualifying Exception Safety Guarantees
......@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ make all
in the build directory starts the build process. The <code class="literal">all</code> target comes from the <code class="filename">Makefile</code> file, which is generated via <span class="command"><strong>configure</strong></span> from the <code class="filename">Makefile.in</code> file, which is in turn generated (via
<span class="command"><strong>automake</strong></span>) from the file
<code class="filename">Makefile.am</code>.
</p></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a id="build_hacking.overview.map"></a>What Comes from Where</h4></div></div></div><div class="figure"><a id="idm140623064852112"></a><p class="title"><strong>Figure B.1. Configure and Build File Dependencies</strong></p><div class="figure-contents"><div class="mediaobject" align="center"><img src="../images/confdeps.png" align="middle" alt="Dependency Graph for Configure and Build Files" /></div></div></div><br class="figure-break" /><p>
</p></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a id="build_hacking.overview.map"></a>What Comes from Where</h4></div></div></div><div class="figure"><a id="idm234596836000"></a><p class="title"><strong>Figure B.1. Configure and Build File Dependencies</strong></p><div class="figure-contents"><div class="mediaobject" align="center"><img src="../images/confdeps.png" align="middle" alt="Dependency Graph for Configure and Build Files" /></div></div></div><br class="figure-break" /><p>
Regenerate all generated files by using the command
<code class="code">autoreconf</code> at the top level of the libstdc++ source
directory.
......@@ -90,13 +90,13 @@ in the build directory starts the build process. The <code class="literal">all</
</p></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a id="build_hacking.configure.conventions"></a>Coding and Commenting Conventions</h4></div></div></div><p>
Most comments should use {octothorpes, shibboleths, hash marks,
pound signs, whatever} rather than "dnl". Nearly all comments in
configure.ac should. Comments inside macros written in ancilliary
configure.ac should. Comments inside macros written in ancillary
.m4 files should. About the only comments which should
<span class="emphasis"><em>not</em></span> use #, but use dnl instead, are comments
<span class="emphasis"><em>outside</em></span> our own macros in the ancilliary
<span class="emphasis"><em>outside</em></span> our own macros in the ancillary
files. The difference is that # comments show up in
<code class="code">configure</code> (which is most helpful for debugging),
while dnl'd lines just vanish. Since the macros in ancilliary
while dnl'd lines just vanish. Since the macros in ancillary
files generate code which appears in odd places, their "outside"
comments tend to not be useful while reading
<code class="code">configure</code>.
......@@ -280,7 +280,7 @@ in the build directory starts the build process. The <code class="literal">all</
make src
</p><p>
Generates two convenience libraries, one for C++98 and one for
C++11, various compability files for shared and static
C++11, various compatibility files for shared and static
libraries, and then collects all the generated bits and creates
the final libstdc++ libraries.
</p><div class="orderedlist"><ol class="orderedlist" type="a"><li class="listitem"><p>
......
......@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
Standard Contents
</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="concurrency.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr /></div><div class="chapter"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a id="std.atomics"></a>Chapter 14. 
Atomics
<a id="idm140623070494192" class="indexterm"></a>
<a id="idm234602478128" class="indexterm"></a>
</h2></div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><strong>Table of Contents</strong></p><dl class="toc"><dt><span class="section"><a href="atomics.html#std.atomics.api">API Reference</a></span></dt></dl></div><p>
Facilities for atomic operations.
</p><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="std.atomics.api"></a>API Reference</h2></div></div></div><p>
......
......@@ -512,16 +512,23 @@ AC_DEFUN([AC_HEADER_EXT_HASH_SET], [
fi
])
</pre></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a id="backwards.third.nocreate_noreplace"></a>No <code class="code">ios::nocreate/ios::noreplace</code>.
</h4></div></div></div><p> The existence of <code class="code">ios::nocreate</code> being used for
input-streams has been confirmed, most probably because the author
thought it would be more correct to specify nocreate explicitly. So
it can be left out for input-streams.
</p><p>For output streams, <span class="quote"><span class="quote">nocreate</span></span> is probably the default,
unless you specify <code class="code">std::ios::trunc</code> ? To be safe, you can
open the file for reading, check if it has been opened, and then
decide whether you want to create/replace or not. To my knowledge,
even older implementations support <code class="code">app</code>, <code class="code">ate</code>
and <code class="code">trunc</code> (except for <code class="code">app</code> ?).
</h4></div></div></div><p>Historically these flags were used with iostreams to control whether
new files are created or not when opening a file stream, similar to the
<code class="code">O_CREAT</code> and <code class="code">O_EXCL</code> flags for the
<code class="function">open(2)</code> system call. Because iostream modes correspond
to <code class="function">fopen(3)</code> modes these flags are not supported.
For input streams a new file will not be created anyway, so
<code class="code">ios::nocreate</code> is not needed.
For output streams, a new file will be created if it does not exist, which is
consistent with the behaviour of <code class="function">fopen</code>.
</p><p>When one of these flags is needed a possible alternative is to attempt
to open the file using <span class="type">std::ifstream</span> first to determine whether
the file already exists or not. This may not be reliable however, because
whether the file exists or not could change between opening the
<span class="type">std::istream</span> and re-opening with an output stream. If you need
to check for existence and open a file as a single operation then you will
need to use OS-specific facilities outside the C++ standard library, such
as <code class="function">open(2)</code>.
</p></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a id="backwards.third.streamattach"></a>
No <code class="code">stream::attach(int fd)</code>
</h4></div></div></div><p>
......@@ -940,15 +947,15 @@ AC_DEFUN([AC_HEADER_UNORDERED_SET], [
This is a change in behavior from older versions. Now, most
<span class="type">iterator_type</span> typedefs in container classes are POD
objects, not <span class="type">value_type</span> pointers.
</p></div></div><div class="bibliography"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a id="backwards.biblio"></a>Bibliography</h3></div></div></div><div class="biblioentry"><a id="idm140623063472640"></a><p><span class="title"><em>
</p></div></div><div class="bibliography"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a id="backwards.biblio"></a>Bibliography</h3></div></div></div><div class="biblioentry"><a id="idm234595452352"></a><p><span class="title"><em>
<a class="link" href="http://www.kegel.com/gcc/gcc4.html" target="_top">
Migrating to GCC 4.1
</a>
</em>. </span><span class="author"><span class="firstname">Dan</span> <span class="surname">Kegel</span>. </span></p></div><div class="biblioentry"><a id="idm140623063469856"></a><p><span class="title"><em>
</em>. </span><span class="author"><span class="firstname">Dan</span> <span class="surname">Kegel</span>. </span></p></div><div class="biblioentry"><a id="idm234595449568"></a><p><span class="title"><em>
<a class="link" href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-gcc/2006/03/msg00405.html" target="_top">
Building the Whole Debian Archive with GCC 4.1: A Summary
</a>
</em>. </span><span class="author"><span class="firstname">Martin</span> <span class="surname">Michlmayr</span>. </span></p></div><div class="biblioentry"><a id="idm140623063467008"></a><p><span class="title"><em>
</em>. </span><span class="author"><span class="firstname">Martin</span> <span class="surname">Michlmayr</span>. </span></p></div><div class="biblioentry"><a id="idm234595446720"></a><p><span class="title"><em>
<a class="link" href="http://annwm.lbl.gov/~leggett/Atlas/gcc-3.2.html" target="_top">
Migration guide for GCC-3.2
</a>
......
......@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ else return false.</p></li></ol></div><p>
</p><p>
Consider a block of size 64 ints. In memory, it would look like this:
(assume a 32-bit system where, size_t is a 32-bit entity).
</p><div class="table"><a id="idm140623069384160"></a><p class="title"><strong>Table 21.1. Bitmap Allocator Memory Map</strong></p><div class="table-contents"><table summary="Bitmap Allocator Memory Map" border="1"><colgroup><col align="left" class="c1" /><col align="left" class="c2" /><col align="left" class="c3" /><col align="left" class="c4" /><col align="left" class="c5" /></colgroup><tbody><tr><td align="left">268</td><td align="left">0</td><td align="left">4294967295</td><td align="left">4294967295</td><td align="left">Data -&gt; Space for 64 ints</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><br class="table-break" /><p>
</p><div class="table"><a id="idm234601367712"></a><p class="title"><strong>Table 21.1. Bitmap Allocator Memory Map</strong></p><div class="table-contents"><table summary="Bitmap Allocator Memory Map" border="1"><colgroup><col align="left" class="c1" /><col align="left" class="c2" /><col align="left" class="c3" /><col align="left" class="c4" /><col align="left" class="c5" /></colgroup><tbody><tr><td align="left">268</td><td align="left">0</td><td align="left">4294967295</td><td align="left">4294967295</td><td align="left">Data -&gt; Space for 64 ints</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><br class="table-break" /><p>
The first Column(268) represents the size of the Block in bytes as
seen by the Bitmap Allocator. Internally, a global free list is
used to keep track of the free blocks used and given back by the
......
......@@ -338,9 +338,6 @@
</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a class="link" href="../ext/lwg-defects.html#809" target="_top">809</a>:
<span class="emphasis"><em>std::swap should be overloaded for array types</em></span>
</span></dt><dd><p>Add the overload.
</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a class="link" href="../ext/lwg-defects.html#844" target="_top">844</a>:
<span class="emphasis"><em>complex pow return type is ambiguous</em></span>
</span></dt><dd><p>In C++11 mode, remove the pow(complex&lt;T&gt;, int) signature.
</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a class="link" href="../ext/lwg-defects.html#853" target="_top">853</a>:
<span class="emphasis"><em>to_string needs updating with zero and one</em></span>
</span></dt><dd><p>Update / add the signatures.
......
......@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
Standard Contents
</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="extensions.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr /></div><div class="chapter"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a id="std.concurrency"></a>Chapter 15. 
Concurrency
<a id="idm140623070480368" class="indexterm"></a>
<a id="idm234602464368" class="indexterm"></a>
</h2></div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><strong>Table of Contents</strong></p><dl class="toc"><dt><span class="section"><a href="concurrency.html#std.concurrency.api">API Reference</a></span></dt></dl></div><p>
Facilities for concurrent operation, and control thereof.
</p><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="std.concurrency.api"></a>API Reference</h2></div></div></div><p>
......
......@@ -224,7 +224,14 @@
to standard error for certain events such as calling a pure virtual
function or the invocation of the standard terminate handler. Those
messages cause the library to depend on the demangler and standard I/O
facilites, which might be undesirable in a low-memory environment or
facilities, which might be undesirable in a low-memory environment or
when standard error is not available. This option disables those
messages. This option does not change the library ABI.
</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr /><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="setup.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="setup.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="make.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Chapter 2. Setup </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Make</td></tr></table></div></body></html>
\ No newline at end of file
</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="code">--enable-vtable-verify</code>[default]</span></dt><dd><p>Use <code class="code">-fvtable-verify=std</code> to compile the C++
runtime with instrumentation for vtable verification. All virtual
functions in the standard library will be verified at runtime.
Types impacted include <code class="classname">locale</code> and
<code class="classname">iostream</code>, and others. Disabling means that
the C++ runtime is compiled without support for vtable
verification. By default, this option is off.
</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr /><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="setup.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="setup.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="make.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Chapter 2. Setup </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Make</td></tr></table></div></body></html>
\ No newline at end of file
......@@ -6,8 +6,8 @@
Standard Contents
</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="associative.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr /></div><div class="chapter"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a id="std.containers"></a>Chapter 9. 
Containers
<a id="idm140623070846688" class="indexterm"></a>
</h2></div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><strong>Table of Contents</strong></p><dl class="toc"><dt><span class="section"><a href="containers.html#std.containers.sequences">Sequences</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="containers.html#containers.sequences.list">list</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="containers.html#sequences.list.size">list::size() is O(n)</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="containers.html#containers.sequences.vector">vector</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="containers.html#sequences.vector.management">Space Overhead Management</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="associative.html">Associative</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="associative.html#containers.associative.insert_hints">Insertion Hints</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="associative.html#containers.associative.bitset">bitset</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="associative.html#associative.bitset.size_variable">Size Variable</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="associative.html#associative.bitset.type_string">Type String</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="unordered_associative.html">Unordered Associative</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="unordered_associative.html#containers.unordered.hash">Hash Code</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="unordered_associative.html#containers.unordered.cache">Hash Code Caching Policy</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="containers_and_c.html">Interacting with C</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="containers_and_c.html#containers.c.vs_array">Containers vs. Arrays</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="std.containers.sequences"></a>Sequences</h2></div></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a id="containers.sequences.list"></a>list</h3></div></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a id="sequences.list.size"></a>list::size() is O(n)</h4></div></div></div><p>
<a id="idm234602840144" class="indexterm"></a>
</h2></div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><strong>Table of Contents</strong></p><dl class="toc"><dt><span class="section"><a href="containers.html#std.containers.sequences">Sequences</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="containers.html#containers.sequences.list">list</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="containers.html#sequences.list.size">list::size() is O(n)</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="containers.html#containers.sequences.vector">vector</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="containers.html#sequences.vector.management">Space Overhead Management</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="associative.html">Associative</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="associative.html#containers.associative.insert_hints">Insertion Hints</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="associative.html#containers.associative.bitset">bitset</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="associative.html#associative.bitset.size_variable">Size Variable</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="associative.html#associative.bitset.type_string">Type String</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="unordered_associative.html">Unordered Associative</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="unordered_associative.html#containers.unordered.insert_hints">Insertion Hints</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="unordered_associative.html#containers.unordered.hash">Hash Code</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="unordered_associative.html#containers.unordered.cache">Hash Code Caching Policy</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="containers_and_c.html">Interacting with C</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="containers_and_c.html#containers.c.vs_array">Containers vs. Arrays</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="std.containers.sequences"></a>Sequences</h2></div></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a id="containers.sequences.list"></a>list</h3></div></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a id="sequences.list.size"></a>list::size() is O(n)</h4></div></div></div><p>
Yes it is, and that's okay. This is a decision that we preserved
when we imported SGI's STL implementation. The following is
quoted from <a class="link" href="http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/FAQ.html" target="_top">their FAQ</a>:
......
......@@ -178,8 +178,8 @@
recommended: the other parts of this manual.
</p><p>
These settings can either be switched on in at the GDB command line,
or put into a .gdbint file to establish default debugging
characteristics, like so:
or put into a <code class="filename">.gdbinit</code> file to establish default
debugging characteristics, like so:
</p><pre class="programlisting">
set print pretty on
set print object on
......@@ -189,32 +189,22 @@
set demangle-style gnu-v3
</pre><p>
Starting with version 7.0, GDB includes support for writing
pretty-printers in Python. Pretty printers for STL classes are
distributed with GCC from version 4.5.0. The most recent version of
these printers are always found in libstdc++ svn repository.
To enable these printers, check-out the latest printers to a local
directory:
</p><pre class="programlisting">
svn co svn://gcc.gnu.org/svn/gcc/trunk/libstdc++-v3/python
</pre><p>
Next, add the following section to your ~/.gdbinit The path must
match the location where the Python module above was checked-out.
So if checked out to: /home/maude/gdb_printers/, the path would be as
written in the example below.
</p><pre class="programlisting">
python
import sys
sys.path.insert(0, '/home/maude/gdb_printers/python')
from libstdcxx.v6.printers import register_libstdcxx_printers
register_libstdcxx_printers (None)
end
</pre><p>
The path should be the only element that needs to be adjusted in the
example. Once loaded, STL classes that the printers support
pretty-printers in Python. Pretty printers for containers and other
classes are distributed with GCC from version 4.5.0 and should be installed
alongside the libstdc++ shared library files and found automatically by
GDB.
</p><p>
Depending where libstdc++ is installed, GDB might refuse to auto-load
the python printers and print a warning instead.
If this happens the python printers can be enabled by following the
instructions GDB gives for setting your <code class="code">auto-load safe-path</code>
in your <code class="filename">.gdbinit</code> configuration file.
</p><p>
Once loaded, standard library classes that the printers support
should print in a more human-readable format. To print the classes
in the old style, use the /r (raw) switch in the print command
(i.e., print /r foo). This will print the classes as if the Python
pretty-printers were not loaded.
in the old style, use the <strong class="userinput"><code>/r</code></strong> (raw) switch in the
print command (i.e., <strong class="userinput"><code>print /r foo</code></strong>). This will
print the classes as if the Python pretty-printers were not loaded.
</p><p>
For additional information on STL support and GDB please visit:
<a class="link" href="http://sourceware.org/gdb/wiki/STLSupport" target="_top"> "GDB Support
......@@ -227,14 +217,13 @@
</p></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a id="debug.exceptions"></a>Tracking uncaught exceptions</h3></div></div></div><p>
The <a class="link" href="termination.html#support.termination.verbose" title="Verbose Terminate Handler">verbose
termination handler</a> gives information about uncaught
exceptions which are killing the program. It is described in the
linked-to page.
exceptions which kill the program.
</p></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a id="debug.debug_mode"></a>Debug Mode</h3></div></div></div><p> The <a class="link" href="debug_mode.html" title="Chapter 17. Debug Mode">Debug Mode</a>
has compile and run-time checks for many containers.
</p></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a id="debug.compile_time_checks"></a>Compile Time Checking</h3></div></div></div><p> The <a class="link" href="ext_compile_checks.html" title="Chapter 16. Compile Time Checks">Compile-Time
Checks</a> Extension has compile-time checks for many algorithms.
Checks</a> extension has compile-time checks for many algorithms.
</p></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a id="debug.profile_mode"></a>Profile-based Performance Analysis</h3></div></div></div><p> The <a class="link" href="profile_mode.html" title="Chapter 19. Profile Mode">Profile-based
Performance Analysis</a> Extension has performance checks for many
Performance Analysis</a> extension has performance checks for many
algorithms.
</p></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr /><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="using_exceptions.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="using.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="std_contents.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Exceptions </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Part II. 
Standard Contents
......
......@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
Standard Contents
</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="concept_checking.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr /></div><div class="chapter"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a id="std.diagnostics"></a>Chapter 5. 
Diagnostics
<a id="idm140623073051232" class="indexterm"></a>
<a id="idm234605070960" class="indexterm"></a>
</h2></div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><strong>Table of Contents</strong></p><dl class="toc"><dt><span class="section"><a href="diagnostics.html#std.diagnostics.exceptions">Exceptions</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="diagnostics.html#std.diagnostics.exceptions.api">API Reference</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="diagnostics.html#std.diagnostics.exceptions.data">Adding Data to <code class="classname">exception</code></a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="concept_checking.html">Concept Checking</a></span></dt></dl></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="std.diagnostics.exceptions"></a>Exceptions</h2></div></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a id="std.diagnostics.exceptions.api"></a>API Reference</h3></div></div></div><p>
All exception objects are defined in one of the standard header
files: <code class="filename">exception</code>,
......
......@@ -32,8 +32,9 @@
<code class="code">#define _GLIBCXX_CONCEPT_CHECKS</code> for GCC 3.4 and higher
(or with <code class="code">#define _GLIBCPP_CONCEPT_CHECKS</code> for versions
3.1, 3.2 and 3.3).
</p><p>Please note that the upcoming C++ standard has first-class
</p><p>Please note that the concept checks only validate the requirements
of the old C++03 standard. C++11 was expected to have first-class
support for template parameter constraints based on concepts in the core
language. This will obviate the need for the library-simulated concept
checking described above.
language. This would have obviated the need for the library-simulated concept
checking described above, but was not part of C++11.
</p></div><div class="navfooter"><hr /><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="ext_preface.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="extensions.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="debug_mode.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top"> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Chapter 17. Debug Mode</td></tr></table></div></body></html>
\ No newline at end of file
......@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /><title></title><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL-NS Stylesheets V1.78.1" /><meta name="keywords" content="ISO C++, library" /><meta name="keywords" content="ISO C++, runtime, library" /><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The GNU C++ Library" /><link rel="up" href="extensions.html" title="Part III.  Extensions" /><link rel="prev" href="extensions.html" title="Part III.  Extensions" /><link rel="next" href="ext_compile_checks.html" title="Chapter 16. Compile Time Checks" /></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center"></th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="extensions.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">Part III. 
Extensions
</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="ext_compile_checks.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr /></div><div class="preface"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 class="title"><a id="idm140623070458848"></a></h1></div></div></div><p>
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Here we will make an attempt at describing the non-Standard
extensions to the library. Some of these are from older versions of
standard library components, namely SGI's STL, and some of these are
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Standard Contents
</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="streambufs.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr /></div><div class="chapter"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a id="std.io"></a>Chapter 13. 
Input and Output
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</h2></div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><strong>Table of Contents</strong></p><dl class="toc"><dt><span class="section"><a href="io.html#std.io.objects">Iostream Objects</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="streambufs.html">Stream Buffers</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="streambufs.html#io.streambuf.derived">Derived streambuf Classes</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="streambufs.html#io.streambuf.buffering">Buffering</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="stringstreams.html">Memory Based Streams</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="stringstreams.html#std.io.memstreams.compat">Compatibility With strstream</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="fstreams.html">File Based Streams</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="fstreams.html#std.io.filestreams.copying_a_file">Copying a File</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="fstreams.html#std.io.filestreams.binary">Binary Input and Output</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="io_and_c.html">Interacting with C</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="io_and_c.html#std.io.c.FILE">Using FILE* and file descriptors</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="io_and_c.html#std.io.c.sync">Performance</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="std.io.objects"></a>Iostream Objects</h2></div></div></div><p>To minimize the time you have to wait on the compiler, it's good to
only include the headers you really need. Many people simply include
&lt;iostream&gt; when they don't need to -- and that can <span class="emphasis"><em>penalize
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Standard Contents
</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="algorithms.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr /></div><div class="chapter"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a id="std.iterators"></a>Chapter 10. 
Iterators
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<a id="idm234602711264" class="indexterm"></a>
</h2></div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><strong>Table of Contents</strong></p><dl class="toc"><dt><span class="section"><a href="iterators.html#std.iterators.predefined">Predefined</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="iterators.html#iterators.predefined.vs_pointers">Iterators vs. Pointers</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="iterators.html#iterators.predefined.end">One Past the End</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="std.iterators.predefined"></a>Predefined</h2></div></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a id="iterators.predefined.vs_pointers"></a>Iterators vs. Pointers</h3></div></div></div><p>
The following
FAQ <a class="link" href="../faq.html#faq.iterator_as_pod" title="7.1.">entry</a> points out that
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Standard Contents
</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="generalized_numeric_operations.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr /></div><div class="chapter"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a id="std.numerics"></a>Chapter 12. 
Numerics
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</h2></div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><strong>Table of Contents</strong></p><dl class="toc"><dt><span class="section"><a href="numerics.html#std.numerics.complex">Complex</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="numerics.html#numerics.complex.processing">complex Processing</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="generalized_numeric_operations.html">Generalized Operations</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="numerics_and_c.html">Interacting with C</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="numerics_and_c.html#numerics.c.array">Numerics vs. Arrays</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="numerics_and_c.html#numerics.c.c99">C99</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="std.numerics.complex"></a>Complex</h2></div></div></div><p>
</p><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a id="numerics.complex.processing"></a>complex Processing</h3></div></div></div><p>
</p><p>Using <code class="code">complex&lt;&gt;</code> becomes even more comple- er, sorry,
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......@@ -12,11 +12,11 @@ explicit source declaration or by compiling existing sources with a
specific compiler flag.
</p><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="manual.ext.parallel_mode.intro"></a>Intro</h2></div></div></div><p>The following library components in the include
<code class="filename">numeric</code> are included in the parallel mode:</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"><p><code class="function">std::accumulate</code></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><code class="function">std::adjacent_difference</code></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><code class="function">std::inner_product</code></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><code class="function">std::partial_sum</code></p></li></ul></div><p>The following library components in the include
<code class="filename">algorithm</code> are included in the parallel mode:</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"><p><code class="function">std::adjacent_find</code></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><code class="function">std::count</code></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><code class="function">std::count_if</code></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><code class="function">std::equal</code></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><code class="function">std::find</code></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><code class="function">std::find_if</code></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><code class="function">std::find_first_of</code></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><code class="function">std::for_each</code></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><code class="function">std::generate</code></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><code class="function">std::generate_n</code></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><code class="function">std::lexicographical_compare</code></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><code class="function">std::mismatch</code></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><code class="function">std::search</code></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><code class="function">std::search_n</code></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><code class="function">std::transform</code></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><code class="function">std::replace</code></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><code class="function">std::replace_if</code></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><code class="function">std::max_element</code></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><code class="function">std::merge</code></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><code class="function">std::min_element</code></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><code class="function">std::nth_element</code></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><code class="function">std::partial_sort</code></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><code class="function">std::partition</code></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><code class="function">std::random_shuffle</code></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><code class="function">std::set_union</code></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><code class="function">std::set_intersection</code></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><code class="function">std::set_symmetric_difference</code></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><code class="function">std::set_difference</code></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><code class="function">std::sort</code></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><code class="function">std::stable_sort</code></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><code class="function">std::unique_copy</code></p></li></ul></div></div><div class="bibliography"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a id="parallel_mode.biblio"></a>Bibliography</h2></div></div></div><div class="biblioentry"><a id="idm140623069957824"></a><p><span class="citetitle"><em class="citetitle">
<code class="filename">algorithm</code> are included in the parallel mode:</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"><p><code class="function">std::adjacent_find</code></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><code class="function">std::count</code></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><code class="function">std::count_if</code></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><code class="function">std::equal</code></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><code class="function">std::find</code></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><code class="function">std::find_if</code></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><code class="function">std::find_first_of</code></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><code class="function">std::for_each</code></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><code class="function">std::generate</code></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><code class="function">std::generate_n</code></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><code class="function">std::lexicographical_compare</code></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><code class="function">std::mismatch</code></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><code class="function">std::search</code></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><code class="function">std::search_n</code></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><code class="function">std::transform</code></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><code class="function">std::replace</code></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><code class="function">std::replace_if</code></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><code class="function">std::max_element</code></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><code class="function">std::merge</code></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><code class="function">std::min_element</code></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><code class="function">std::nth_element</code></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><code class="function">std::partial_sort</code></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><code class="function">std::partition</code></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><code class="function">std::random_shuffle</code></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><code class="function">std::set_union</code></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><code class="function">std::set_intersection</code></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><code class="function">std::set_symmetric_difference</code></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><code class="function">std::set_difference</code></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><code class="function">std::sort</code></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><code class="function">std::stable_sort</code></p></li><li class="listitem"><p><code class="function">std::unique_copy</code></p></li></ul></div></div><div class="bibliography"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a id="parallel_mode.biblio"></a>Bibliography</h2></div></div></div><div class="biblioentry"><a id="idm234601941840"></a><p><span class="citetitle"><em class="citetitle">
Parallelization of Bulk Operations for STL Dictionaries
</em>. </span><span class="author"><span class="firstname">Johannes</span> <span class="surname">Singler</span>. </span><span class="author"><span class="firstname">Leonor</span> <span class="surname">Frias</span>. </span><span class="copyright">Copyright © 2007 . </span><span class="publisher"><span class="publishername">
Workshop on Highly Parallel Processing on a Chip (HPPC) 2007. (LNCS)
. </span></span></p></div><div class="biblioentry"><a id="idm140623069952752"></a><p><span class="citetitle"><em class="citetitle">
. </span></span></p></div><div class="biblioentry"><a id="idm234601936768"></a><p><span class="citetitle"><em class="citetitle">
The Multi-Core Standard Template Library
</em>. </span><span class="author"><span class="firstname">Johannes</span> <span class="surname">Singler</span>. </span><span class="author"><span class="firstname">Peter</span> <span class="surname">Sanders</span>. </span><span class="author"><span class="firstname">Felix</span> <span class="surname">Putze</span>. </span><span class="copyright">Copyright © 2007 . </span><span class="publisher"><span class="publishername">
Euro-Par 2007: Parallel Processing. (LNCS 4641)
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......@@ -248,7 +248,7 @@
these invariants, one must supply some policy that is aware
of these changes. Without this, it would be better to use a
linked list (in itself very efficient for these purposes).
</p></li></ol></div><div class="figure"><a id="idm140623069271200"></a><p class="title"><strong>Figure 22.1. Node Invariants</strong></p><div class="figure-contents"><div class="mediaobject" align="center"><img src="../images/pbds_node_invariants.png" align="middle" alt="Node Invariants" /></div></div></div><br class="figure-break" /></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h5 class="title"><a id="motivation.associative.underlying"></a>Underlying Data Structures</h5></div></div></div><p>
</p></li></ol></div><div class="figure"><a id="idm234601255184"></a><p class="title"><strong>Figure 22.1. Node Invariants</strong></p><div class="figure-contents"><div class="mediaobject" align="center"><img src="../images/pbds_node_invariants.png" align="middle" alt="Node Invariants" /></div></div></div><br class="figure-break" /></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h5 class="title"><a id="motivation.associative.underlying"></a>Underlying Data Structures</h5></div></div></div><p>
The standard C++ library contains associative containers based on
red-black trees and collision-chaining hash tables. These are
very useful, but they are not ideal for all types of
......@@ -256,7 +256,7 @@
</p><p>
The figure below shows the different underlying data structures
currently supported in this library.
</p><div class="figure"><a id="idm140623069264544"></a><p class="title"><strong>Figure 22.2. Underlying Associative Data Structures</strong></p><div class="figure-contents"><div class="mediaobject" align="center"><img src="../images/pbds_different_underlying_dss_1.png" align="middle" alt="Underlying Associative Data Structures" /></div></div></div><br class="figure-break" /><p>
</p><div class="figure"><a id="idm234601248528"></a><p class="title"><strong>Figure 22.2. Underlying Associative Data Structures</strong></p><div class="figure-contents"><div class="mediaobject" align="center"><img src="../images/pbds_different_underlying_dss_1.png" align="middle" alt="Underlying Associative Data Structures" /></div></div></div><br class="figure-break" /><p>
A shows a collision-chaining hash-table, B shows a probing
hash-table, C shows a red-black tree, D shows a splay tree, E shows
a tree based on an ordered vector(implicit in the order of the
......@@ -375,7 +375,7 @@
no guarantee that the elements traversed will coincide with the
<span class="emphasis"><em>logical</em></span> elements between 1 and 5, as in
label B.
</p><div class="figure"><a id="idm140623069232832"></a><p class="title"><strong>Figure 22.3. Range Iteration in Different Data Structures</strong></p><div class="figure-contents"><div class="mediaobject" align="center"><img src="../images/pbds_point_iterators_range_ops_1.png" align="middle" alt="Node Invariants" /></div></div></div><br class="figure-break" /><p>
</p><div class="figure"><a id="idm234601216896"></a><p class="title"><strong>Figure 22.3. Range Iteration in Different Data Structures</strong></p><div class="figure-contents"><div class="mediaobject" align="center"><img src="../images/pbds_point_iterators_range_ops_1.png" align="middle" alt="Node Invariants" /></div></div></div><br class="figure-break" /><p>
In our opinion, this problem is not caused just because
red-black trees are order preserving while
collision-chaining hash tables are (generally) not - it
......@@ -426,7 +426,7 @@
list, as in the graphic below, label B. Here the iterators are as
light as can be, but the hash-table's operations are more
complicated.
</p><div class="figure"><a id="idm140623069217984"></a><p class="title"><strong>Figure 22.4. Point Iteration in Hash Data Structures</strong></p><div class="figure-contents"><div class="mediaobject" align="center"><img src="../images/pbds_point_iterators_range_ops_2.png" align="middle" alt="Point Iteration in Hash Data Structures" /></div></div></div><br class="figure-break" /><p>
</p><div class="figure"><a id="idm234601202048"></a><p class="title"><strong>Figure 22.4. Point Iteration in Hash Data Structures</strong></p><div class="figure-contents"><div class="mediaobject" align="center"><img src="../images/pbds_point_iterators_range_ops_2.png" align="middle" alt="Point Iteration in Hash Data Structures" /></div></div></div><br class="figure-break" /><p>
It should be noted that containers based on collision-chaining
hash-tables are not the only ones with this type of behavior;
many other self-organizing data structures display it as well.
......@@ -442,7 +442,7 @@
container. The graphic below shows three cases: A1 and A2 show
a red-black tree; B1 and B2 show a probing hash-table; C1 and C2
show a collision-chaining hash table.
</p><div class="figure"><a id="idm140623069208720"></a><p class="title"><strong>Figure 22.5. Effect of erase in different underlying data structures</strong></p><div class="figure-contents"><div class="mediaobject" align="center"><img src="../images/pbds_invalidation_guarantee_erase.png" align="middle" alt="Effect of erase in different underlying data structures" /></div></div></div><br class="figure-break" /><div class="orderedlist"><ol class="orderedlist" type="1"><li class="listitem"><p>
</p><div class="figure"><a id="idm234601192784"></a><p class="title"><strong>Figure 22.5. Effect of erase in different underlying data structures</strong></p><div class="figure-contents"><div class="mediaobject" align="center"><img src="../images/pbds_invalidation_guarantee_erase.png" align="middle" alt="Effect of erase in different underlying data structures" /></div></div></div><br class="figure-break" /><div class="orderedlist"><ol class="orderedlist" type="1"><li class="listitem"><p>
Erasing 5 from A1 yields A2. Clearly, an iterator to 3 can
be de-referenced and incremented. The sequence of iterators
changed, but in a way that is well-defined by the interface.
......@@ -678,7 +678,7 @@
typically less structured than an associative container's tree;
the third simply uses an associative container. These are
shown in the figure below with labels A1 and A2, B, and C.
</p><div class="figure"><a id="idm140623069141200"></a><p class="title"><strong>Figure 22.6. Underlying Priority Queue Data Structures</strong></p><div class="figure-contents"><div class="mediaobject" align="center"><img src="../images/pbds_different_underlying_dss_2.png" align="middle" alt="Underlying Priority Queue Data Structures" /></div></div></div><br class="figure-break" /><p>
</p><div class="figure"><a id="idm234601125200"></a><p class="title"><strong>Figure 22.6. Underlying Priority Queue Data Structures</strong></p><div class="figure-contents"><div class="mediaobject" align="center"><img src="../images/pbds_different_underlying_dss_2.png" align="middle" alt="Underlying Priority Queue Data Structures" /></div></div></div><br class="figure-break" /><p>
No single implementation can completely replace any of the
others. Some have better <code class="function">push</code>
and <code class="function">pop</code> amortized performance, some have
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......@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@
In addition, there are the following diagnostics classes,
used to report errors specific to this library's data
structures.
</p><div class="figure"><a id="idm140623069078560"></a><p class="title"><strong>Figure 22.7. Exception Hierarchy</strong></p><div class="figure-contents"><div class="mediaobject" align="center"><img src="../images/pbds_exception_hierarchy.png" align="middle" alt="Exception Hierarchy" /></div></div></div><br class="figure-break" /></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a id="pbds.using.tutorial"></a>Tutorial</h3></div></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a id="pbds.using.tutorial.basic"></a>Basic Use</h4></div></div></div><p>
</p><div class="figure"><a id="idm234601062432"></a><p class="title"><strong>Figure 22.7. Exception Hierarchy</strong></p><div class="figure-contents"><div class="mediaobject" align="center"><img src="../images/pbds_exception_hierarchy.png" align="middle" alt="Exception Hierarchy" /></div></div></div><br class="figure-break" /></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a id="pbds.using.tutorial"></a>Tutorial</h3></div></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a id="pbds.using.tutorial.basic"></a>Basic Use</h4></div></div></div><p>
For the most part, the policy-based containers containers in
namespace <code class="literal">__gnu_pbds</code> have the same interface as
the equivalent containers in the standard C++ library, except for
......
......@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ vector-size: improvement = 3: call stack = 0x804842c ...
call context.
(Environment variable not supported.)
</p></li></ul></div><p>
</p></div></div><div class="bibliography"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a id="profile_mode.biblio"></a>Bibliography</h2></div></div></div><div class="biblioentry"><a id="idm140623069489616"></a><p><span class="citetitle"><em class="citetitle">
</p></div></div><div class="bibliography"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a id="profile_mode.biblio"></a>Bibliography</h2></div></div></div><div class="biblioentry"><a id="idm234601473232"></a><p><span class="citetitle"><em class="citetitle">
Perflint: A Context Sensitive Performance Advisor for C++ Programs
</em>. </span><span class="author"><span class="firstname">Lixia</span> <span class="surname">Liu</span>. </span><span class="author"><span class="firstname">Silvius</span> <span class="surname">Rus</span>. </span><span class="copyright">Copyright © 2009 . </span><span class="publisher"><span class="publishername">
Proceedings of the 2009 International Symposium on Code Generation
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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /><title>Design</title><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL-NS Stylesheets V1.78.1" /><meta name="keywords" content="C++, library, profile" /><meta name="keywords" content="ISO C++, library" /><meta name="keywords" content="ISO C++, runtime, library" /><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The GNU C++ Library" /><link rel="up" href="profile_mode.html" title="Chapter 19. Profile Mode" /><link rel="prev" href="profile_mode.html" title="Chapter 19. Profile Mode" /><link rel="next" href="profile_mode_api.html" title="Extensions for Custom Containers" /></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Design</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="profile_mode.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">Chapter 19. Profile Mode</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="profile_mode_api.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr /></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="manual.ext.profile_mode.design"></a>Design</h2></div></div></div><p>
</p><div class="table"><a id="idm140623069903616"></a><p class="title"><strong>Table 19.1. Profile Code Location</strong></p><div class="table-contents"><table summary="Profile Code Location" border="1"><colgroup><col align="left" class="c1" /><col align="left" class="c2" /></colgroup><thead><tr><th align="left">Code Location</th><th align="left">Use</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left"><code class="code">libstdc++-v3/include/std/*</code></td><td align="left">Preprocessor code to redirect to profile extension headers.</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code class="code">libstdc++-v3/include/profile/*</code></td><td align="left">Profile extension public headers (map, vector, ...).</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code class="code">libstdc++-v3/include/profile/impl/*</code></td><td align="left">Profile extension internals. Implementation files are
</p><div class="table"><a id="idm234601887440"></a><p class="title"><strong>Table 19.1. Profile Code Location</strong></p><div class="table-contents"><table summary="Profile Code Location" border="1"><colgroup><col align="left" class="c1" /><col align="left" class="c2" /></colgroup><thead><tr><th align="left">Code Location</th><th align="left">Use</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left"><code class="code">libstdc++-v3/include/std/*</code></td><td align="left">Preprocessor code to redirect to profile extension headers.</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code class="code">libstdc++-v3/include/profile/*</code></td><td align="left">Profile extension public headers (map, vector, ...).</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code class="code">libstdc++-v3/include/profile/impl/*</code></td><td align="left">Profile extension internals. Implementation files are
only included from <code class="code">impl/profiler.h</code>, which is the only
file included from the public headers.</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><br class="table-break" /><p>
</p><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a id="manual.ext.profile_mode.design.wrapper"></a>Wrapper Model</h3></div></div></div><p>
......
......@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
A high accuracy means that the diagnostic is unlikely to be wrong.
These grades are not perfect. They are just meant to guide users with
specific needs or time budgets.
</p><div class="table"><a id="idm140623069796224"></a><p class="title"><strong>Table 19.2. Profile Diagnostics</strong></p><div class="table-contents"><table summary="Profile Diagnostics" border="1"><colgroup><col align="left" class="c1" /><col align="left" class="c2" /><col align="left" class="c3" /><col align="left" class="c4" /><col align="left" class="c5" /><col align="left" class="c6" /><col align="left" class="c7" /></colgroup><thead><tr><th align="left">Group</th><th align="left">Flag</th><th align="left">Benefit</th><th align="left">Cost</th><th align="left">Freq.</th><th align="left">Implemented</th><td class="auto-generated"> </td></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left"><a class="link" href="profile_mode_diagnostics.html#manual.ext.profile_mode.analysis.containers" title="Containers">
</p><div class="table"><a id="idm234601779968"></a><p class="title"><strong>Table 19.2. Profile Diagnostics</strong></p><div class="table-contents"><table summary="Profile Diagnostics" border="1"><colgroup><col align="left" class="c1" /><col align="left" class="c2" /><col align="left" class="c3" /><col align="left" class="c4" /><col align="left" class="c5" /><col align="left" class="c6" /><col align="left" class="c7" /></colgroup><thead><tr><th align="left">Group</th><th align="left">Flag</th><th align="left">Benefit</th><th align="left">Cost</th><th align="left">Freq.</th><th align="left">Implemented</th><td class="auto-generated"> </td></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left"><a class="link" href="profile_mode_diagnostics.html#manual.ext.profile_mode.analysis.containers" title="Containers">
CONTAINERS</a></td><td align="left"><a class="link" href="profile_mode_diagnostics.html#manual.ext.profile_mode.analysis.hashtable_too_small" title="Hashtable Too Small">
HASHTABLE_TOO_SMALL</a></td><td align="left">10</td><td align="left">1</td><td align="left"> </td><td align="left">10</td><td align="left">yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="left"><a class="link" href="profile_mode_diagnostics.html#manual.ext.profile_mode.analysis.hashtable_too_large" title="Hashtable Too Large">
HASHTABLE_TOO_LARGE</a></td><td align="left">5</td><td align="left">1</td><td align="left"> </td><td align="left">10</td><td align="left">yes</td></tr><tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="left"><a class="link" href="profile_mode_diagnostics.html#manual.ext.profile_mode.analysis.inefficient_hash" title="Inefficient Hash">
......
......@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
Standard Contents
</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="localization.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr /></div><div class="chapter"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a id="std.strings"></a>Chapter 7. 
Strings
<a id="idm140623071281376" class="indexterm"></a>
<a id="idm234603301312" class="indexterm"></a>
</h2></div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><strong>Table of Contents</strong></p><dl class="toc"><dt><span class="section"><a href="strings.html#std.strings.string">String Classes</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="strings.html#strings.string.simple">Simple Transformations</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="strings.html#strings.string.case">Case Sensitivity</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="strings.html#strings.string.character_types">Arbitrary Character Types</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="strings.html#strings.string.token">Tokenizing</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="strings.html#strings.string.shrink">Shrink to Fit</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="strings.html#strings.string.Cstring">CString (MFC)</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="std.strings.string"></a>String Classes</h2></div></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a id="strings.string.simple"></a>Simple Transformations</h3></div></div></div><p>
Here are Standard, simple, and portable ways to perform common
transformations on a <code class="code">string</code> instance, such as
......
......@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
Standard Contents
</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="dynamic_memory.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr /></div><div class="chapter"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a id="std.support"></a>Chapter 4. 
Support
<a id="idm140623073140672" class="indexterm"></a>
<a id="idm234605160352" class="indexterm"></a>
</h2></div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><strong>Table of Contents</strong></p><dl class="toc"><dt><span class="section"><a href="support.html#std.support.types">Types</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="support.html#std.support.types.fundamental">Fundamental Types</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="support.html#std.support.types.numeric_limits">Numeric Properties</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="support.html#std.support.types.null">NULL</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="dynamic_memory.html">Dynamic Memory</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="termination.html">Termination</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="termination.html#support.termination.handlers">Termination Handlers</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="termination.html#support.termination.verbose">Verbose Terminate Handler</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><p>
This part deals with the functions called and objects created
automatically during the course of a program's existence.
......@@ -115,15 +115,15 @@
overloading won't do what you expect. (This is why
<span class="command"><strong>g++</strong></span> has a magic extension, so that
<code class="constant">NULL</code> is always a pointer.)
</p><p>In his book <a class="link" href="http://www.awprofessional.com/titles/0-201-92488-9/" target="_top"><span class="emphasis"><em>Effective
C++</em></span></a>, Scott Meyers points out that the best way
</p><p>In his book <a class="link" href="http://www.aristeia.com/books.html" target="_top"><span class="emphasis"><em>Effective
C++</em></span></a>, Scott Meyers points out that the best way
to solve this problem is to not overload on pointer-vs-integer
types to begin with. He also offers a way to make your own magic
<code class="constant">NULL</code> that will match pointers before it
matches integers.
</p><p>See
<a class="link" href="http://www.awprofessional.com/titles/0-201-31015-5/" target="_top">the
Effective C++ CD example</a>
</p><p>See the
<a class="link" href="http://www.aristeia.com/books.html" target="_top"><span class="emphasis"><em>Effective
C++ CD</em></span></a> example.
</p></div></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr /><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="std_contents.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="std_contents.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="dynamic_memory.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Part II. 
Standard Contents
 </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Dynamic Memory</td></tr></table></div></body></html>
\ No newline at end of file
......@@ -492,7 +492,7 @@ only default variables.
reporting functions including:
</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: circle; "><li class="listitem"><p>time_counter</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>resource_counter</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>report_performance</p></li></ul></div></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a id="test.special"></a>Special Topics</h3></div></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a id="test.exception.safety"></a>
Qualifying Exception Safety Guarantees
<a id="idm140623064258560" class="indexterm"></a>
<a id="idm234596242304" class="indexterm"></a>
</h4></div></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h5 class="title"><a id="test.exception.safety.overview"></a>Overview</h5></div></div></div><p>
Testing is composed of running a particular test sequence,
and looking at what happens to the surrounding code when
......
......@@ -2,13 +2,56 @@
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /><title>Unordered Associative</title><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL-NS Stylesheets V1.78.1" /><meta name="keywords" content="ISO C++, library" /><meta name="keywords" content="ISO C++, runtime, library" /><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The GNU C++ Library" /><link rel="up" href="containers.html" title="Chapter 9.  Containers" /><link rel="prev" href="associative.html" title="Associative" /><link rel="next" href="containers_and_c.html" title="Interacting with C" /></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Unordered Associative</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="associative.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">Chapter 9. 
Containers
</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="containers_and_c.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr /></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="std.containers.unordered"></a>Unordered Associative</h2></div></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a id="containers.unordered.hash"></a>Hash Code</h3></div></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a id="containers.unordered.cache"></a>Hash Code Caching Policy</h4></div></div></div><p>
</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="containers_and_c.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr /></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="std.containers.unordered"></a>Unordered Associative</h2></div></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a id="containers.unordered.insert_hints"></a>Insertion Hints</h3></div></div></div><p>
Here is how the hinting works in the libstdc++ implementation of unordered
containers, and the rationale behind this behavior.
</p><p>
In the following text, the phrase <span class="emphasis"><em>equivalent to</em></span> refer
to the result of the invocation of the equal predicate imposed on the
container by its <code class="code">key_equal</code> object, which defaults to (basically)
<span class="quote"><span class="quote">==</span></span>.
</p><p>
Unordered containers can be seen as a <code class="code">std::vector</code> of
<code class="code">std::forward_list</code>. The <code class="code">std::vector</code> represents
the buckets and each <code class="code">std::forward_list</code> is the list of nodes
belonging to the same bucket. When inserting an element in such a data
structure we first need to compute the element hash code to find the
bucket to insert the element to, the second step depends on the uniqueness
of elements in the container.
</p><p>
In the case of <code class="code">std::unordered_set</code> and
<code class="code">std::unordered_map</code> you need to look through all bucket's
elements for an equivalent one. If there is none the insertion can be
achieved, otherwise the insertion fails. As we always need to loop though
all bucket's elements, the hint doesn't tell us if the element is already
present, and we don't have any constraint on where the new element is to
be inserted, the hint won't be of any help and will then be ignored.
</p><p>
In the case of <code class="code">std::unordered_multiset</code>
and <code class="code">std::unordered_multimap</code> equivalent elements must be
linked together so that the <code class="code">equal_range(const key_type&amp;)</code>
can return the range of iterators pointing to all equivalent elements.
This is where hinting can be used to point to another equivalent element
already part of the container and so skip all non equivalent elements of
the bucket. So to be useful the hint shall point to an element equivalent
to the one being inserted. The new element will be then inserted right
after the hint. Note that because of an implementation detail inserting
after a node can require updating the bucket of the following node. To
check if the next bucket is to be modified we need to compute the
following node's hash code. So if you want your hint to be really efficient
it should be followed by another equivalent element, the implementation
will detect this equivalence and won't compute next element hash code.
</p><p>
It is highly advised to start using unordered containers hints only if you
have a benchmark that will demonstrate the benefit of it. If you don't then do
not use hints, it might do more harm than good.
</p></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a id="containers.unordered.hash"></a>Hash Code</h3></div></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a id="containers.unordered.cache"></a>Hash Code Caching Policy</h4></div></div></div><p>
The unordered containers in libstdc++ may cache the hash code for each
element alongside the element itself. In some cases not recalculating
the hash code every time it's needed can improve performance, but the
additional memory overhead can also reduce performance, so whether an
unordered associative container caches the hash code or not depends on
a number of factors. The caching policy for GCC 4.8 is described below.
the properties described below.
</p><p>
The C++ standard requires that <code class="code">erase</code> and <code class="code">swap</code>
operations must not throw exceptions. Those operations might need an
......@@ -18,22 +61,8 @@
has a non-throwing exception specification such as <code class="code">noexcept</code>
or <code class="code">throw()</code>.
</p><p>
Secondly, libstdc++ also needs the hash code in the implementation of
<code class="code">local_iterator</code> and <code class="code">const_local_iterator</code> in
order to know when the iterator has reached the end of the bucket.
This means that the local iterator types will embed a copy of the hash
function when possible.
Because the local iterator types must be DefaultConstructible and
CopyAssignable, if the hash function type does not model those concepts
then it cannot be embedded and so the hash code must be cached.
Note that a hash function might not be safe to use when
default-constructed (e.g if it a function pointer) so a hash
function that is contained in a local iterator won't be used until
the iterator is valid, so the hash function has been copied from a
correctly-initialized object.
</p><p>
If the hash function is non-throwing, DefaultConstructible and
CopyAssignable then libstdc++ doesn't need to cache the hash code for
If the hash function is non-throwing then libstdc++ doesn't need to
cache the hash code for
correctness, but might still do so for performance if computing a
hash code is an expensive operation, as it may be for arbitrarily
long strings.
......
......@@ -10,5 +10,5 @@
enumerated and detailed in the table below.
</p><p>
By default, <span class="command"><strong>g++</strong></span> is equivalent to <span class="command"><strong>g++ -std=gnu++98</strong></span>. The standard library also defaults to this dialect.
</p><div class="table"><a id="idm140623073834816"></a><p class="title"><strong>Table 3.1. C++ Command Options</strong></p><div class="table-contents"><table summary="C++ Command Options" border="1"><colgroup><col align="left" class="c1" /><col align="left" class="c2" /></colgroup><thead><tr><th align="left">Option Flags</th><th align="left">Description</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left"><code class="literal">-std=c++98</code></td><td align="left">Use the 1998 ISO C++ standard plus amendments.</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code class="literal">-std=gnu++98</code></td><td align="left">As directly above, with GNU extensions.</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code class="literal">-std=c++11</code></td><td align="left">Use the 2011 ISO C++ standard.</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code class="literal">-std=gnu++11</code></td><td align="left">As directly above, with GNU extensions.</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code class="literal">-fexceptions</code></td><td align="left">See <a class="link" href="using_exceptions.html#intro.using.exception.no" title="Doing without">exception-free dialect</a></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code class="literal">-frtti</code></td><td align="left">As above, but RTTI-free dialect.</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code class="literal">-pthread</code> or <code class="literal">-pthreads</code></td><td align="left">For ISO C++11 &lt;thread&gt;, &lt;future&gt;,
</p><div class="table"><a id="idm234605855552"></a><p class="title"><strong>Table 3.1. C++ Command Options</strong></p><div class="table-contents"><table summary="C++ Command Options" border="1"><colgroup><col align="left" class="c1" /><col align="left" class="c2" /></colgroup><thead><tr><th align="left">Option Flags</th><th align="left">Description</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left"><code class="literal">-std=c++98</code></td><td align="left">Use the 1998 ISO C++ standard plus amendments.</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code class="literal">-std=gnu++98</code></td><td align="left">As directly above, with GNU extensions.</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code class="literal">-std=c++11</code></td><td align="left">Use the 2011 ISO C++ standard.</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code class="literal">-std=gnu++11</code></td><td align="left">As directly above, with GNU extensions.</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code class="literal">-fexceptions</code></td><td align="left">See <a class="link" href="using_exceptions.html#intro.using.exception.no" title="Doing without">exception-free dialect</a></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code class="literal">-frtti</code></td><td align="left">As above, but RTTI-free dialect.</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code class="literal">-pthread</code> or <code class="literal">-pthreads</code></td><td align="left">For ISO C++11 &lt;thread&gt;, &lt;future&gt;,
&lt;mutex&gt;, or &lt;condition_variable&gt;.</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code class="literal">-fopenmp</code></td><td align="left">For <a class="link" href="parallel_mode.html" title="Chapter 18. Parallel Mode">parallel</a> mode.</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><br class="table-break" /></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr /><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="make.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="intro.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="using_headers.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Make </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Headers</td></tr></table></div></body></html>
\ No newline at end of file
......@@ -265,7 +265,7 @@ is called.
}
catch(...)
{ this-&gt;_M_setstate(ios_base::badbit); }
</pre></div></div><div class="bibliography"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a id="using.exceptions.biblio"></a>Bibliography</h3></div></div></div><div class="biblioentry"><a id="idm140623073242688"></a><p><span class="title"><em>
</pre></div></div><div class="bibliography"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a id="using.exceptions.biblio"></a>Bibliography</h3></div></div></div><div class="biblioentry"><a id="idm234605263488"></a><p><span class="title"><em>
<a class="link" href="http://www.opengroup.org/austin/" target="_top">
System Interface Definitions, Issue 7 (IEEE Std. 1003.1-2008)
</a>
......@@ -274,39 +274,39 @@ is called.
. </span><span class="copyright">Copyright © 2008
The Open Group/The Institute of Electrical and Electronics
Engineers, Inc.
. </span></p></div><div class="biblioentry"><a id="idm140623073238992"></a><p><span class="title"><em>
. </span></p></div><div class="biblioentry"><a id="idm234605259792"></a><p><span class="title"><em>
<a class="link" href="http://www.boost.org/community/error_handling.html" target="_top">
Error and Exception Handling
</a>
</em>. </span><span class="author"><span class="firstname">David</span> <span class="surname">Abrahams </span>. </span><span class="publisher"><span class="publishername">
Boost
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. </span></span></p></div><div class="biblioentry"><a id="idm234605256096"></a><p><span class="title"><em>
<a class="link" href="http://www.boost.org/community/exception_safety.html" target="_top">
Exception-Safety in Generic Components
</a>
</em>. </span><span class="author"><span class="firstname">David</span> <span class="surname">Abrahams</span>. </span><span class="publisher"><span class="publishername">
Boost
. </span></span></p></div><div class="biblioentry"><a id="idm140623073231584"></a><p><span class="title"><em>
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<a class="link" href="www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/1997/N1077.pdf" target="_top">
Standard Library Exception Policy
</a>
</em>. </span><span class="author"><span class="firstname">Matt</span> <span class="surname">Austern</span>. </span><span class="publisher"><span class="publishername">
WG21 N1077
. </span></span></p></div><div class="biblioentry"><a id="idm140623073227872"></a><p><span class="title"><em>
. </span></span></p></div><div class="biblioentry"><a id="idm234605248672"></a><p><span class="title"><em>
<a class="link" href="http://gcc.gnu.org/ml/gcc-patches/2001-03/msg00661.html" target="_top">
ia64 c++ abi exception handling
</a>
</em>. </span><span class="author"><span class="firstname">Richard</span> <span class="surname">Henderson</span>. </span><span class="publisher"><span class="publishername">
GNU
. </span></span></p></div><div class="biblioentry"><a id="idm140623073224176"></a><p><span class="title"><em>
. </span></span></p></div><div class="biblioentry"><a id="idm234605244976"></a><p><span class="title"><em>
<a class="link" href="http://www.research.att.com/~bs/3rd_safe.pdf" target="_top">
Appendix E: Standard-Library Exception Safety
</a>
</em>. </span><span class="author"><span class="firstname">Bjarne</span> <span class="surname">Stroustrup</span>. </span></p></div><div class="biblioentry"><a id="idm140623073221360"></a><p><span class="citetitle"><em class="citetitle">
</em>. </span><span class="author"><span class="firstname">Bjarne</span> <span class="surname">Stroustrup</span>. </span></p></div><div class="biblioentry"><a id="idm234605242160"></a><p><span class="citetitle"><em class="citetitle">
Exceptional C++
</em>. </span><span class="pagenums">
Exception-Safety Issues and Techniques
. </span><span class="author"><span class="firstname">Herb</span> <span class="surname">Sutter</span>. </span></p></div><div class="biblioentry"><a id="idm140623073218976"></a><p><span class="title"><em>
. </span><span class="author"><span class="firstname">Herb</span> <span class="surname">Sutter</span>. </span></p></div><div class="biblioentry"><a id="idm234605239776"></a><p><span class="title"><em>
<a class="link" href="http://gcc.gnu.org/PR25191" target="_top">
GCC Bug 25191: exception_defines.h #defines try/catch
</a>
......
......@@ -6,8 +6,8 @@
Standard Contents
</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="pairs.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr /></div><div class="chapter"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a id="std.util"></a>Chapter 6. 
Utilities
<a id="idm140623073024128" class="indexterm"></a>
</h2></div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><strong>Table of Contents</strong></p><dl class="toc"><dt><span class="section"><a href="utilities.html#std.util.functors">Functors</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="pairs.html">Pairs</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="memory.html">Memory</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="memory.html#std.util.memory.allocator">Allocators</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="memory.html#allocator.req">Requirements</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="memory.html#allocator.design_issues">Design Issues</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="memory.html#allocator.impl">Implementation</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="memory.html#idm140623072965760">Interface Design</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="memory.html#idm140623072962208">Selecting Default Allocation Policy</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="memory.html#idm140623072948912">Disabling Memory Caching</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="memory.html#allocator.using">Using a Specific Allocator</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="memory.html#allocator.custom">Custom Allocators</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="memory.html#allocator.ext">Extension Allocators</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="memory.html#std.util.memory.auto_ptr">auto_ptr</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="memory.html#auto_ptr.limitations">Limitations</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="memory.html#auto_ptr.using">Use in Containers</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="memory.html#std.util.memory.shared_ptr">shared_ptr</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="memory.html#shared_ptr.req">Requirements</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="memory.html#shared_ptr.design_issues">Design Issues</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="memory.html#shared_ptr.impl">Implementation</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="memory.html#idm140623071372480">Class Hierarchy</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="memory.html#idm140623071349968">Thread Safety</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="memory.html#idm140623071342672">Selecting Lock Policy</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="memory.html#idm140623071328048">Related functions and classes</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="memory.html#shared_ptr.using">Use</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="memory.html#idm140623071311696">Examples</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="memory.html#idm140623071308112">Unresolved Issues</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="memory.html#shared_ptr.ack">Acknowledgments</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="traits.html">Traits</a></span></dt></dl></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="std.util.functors"></a>Functors</h2></div></div></div><p>If you don't know what functors are, you're not alone. Many people
<a id="idm234605043792" class="indexterm"></a>
</h2></div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><strong>Table of Contents</strong></p><dl class="toc"><dt><span class="section"><a href="utilities.html#std.util.functors">Functors</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="pairs.html">Pairs</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="memory.html">Memory</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="memory.html#std.util.memory.allocator">Allocators</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="memory.html#allocator.req">Requirements</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="memory.html#allocator.design_issues">Design Issues</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="memory.html#allocator.impl">Implementation</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="memory.html#idm234604985488">Interface Design</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="memory.html#idm234604981936">Selecting Default Allocation Policy</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="memory.html#idm234604968640">Disabling Memory Caching</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="memory.html#allocator.using">Using a Specific Allocator</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="memory.html#allocator.custom">Custom Allocators</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="memory.html#allocator.ext">Extension Allocators</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="memory.html#std.util.memory.auto_ptr">auto_ptr</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="memory.html#auto_ptr.limitations">Limitations</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="memory.html#auto_ptr.using">Use in Containers</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="memory.html#std.util.memory.shared_ptr">shared_ptr</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="memory.html#shared_ptr.req">Requirements</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="memory.html#shared_ptr.design_issues">Design Issues</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="memory.html#shared_ptr.impl">Implementation</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="memory.html#idm234603392608">Class Hierarchy</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="memory.html#idm234603370096">Thread Safety</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="memory.html#idm234603362800">Selecting Lock Policy</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="memory.html#idm234603348176">Related functions and classes</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="memory.html#shared_ptr.using">Use</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="memory.html#idm234603331760">Examples</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="memory.html#idm234603328176">Unresolved Issues</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="memory.html#shared_ptr.ack">Acknowledgments</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="traits.html">Traits</a></span></dt></dl></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="std.util.functors"></a>Functors</h2></div></div></div><p>If you don't know what functors are, you're not alone. Many people
get slightly the wrong idea. In the interest of not reinventing
the wheel, we will refer you to the introduction to the functor
concept written by SGI as part of their STL, in
......
......@@ -263,8 +263,8 @@
<para>
These settings can either be switched on in at the GDB command line,
or put into a .gdbint file to establish default debugging
characteristics, like so:
or put into a <filename>.gdbinit</filename> file to establish default
debugging characteristics, like so:
</para>
<programlisting>
......@@ -278,40 +278,26 @@
<para>
Starting with version 7.0, GDB includes support for writing
pretty-printers in Python. Pretty printers for STL classes are
distributed with GCC from version 4.5.0. The most recent version of
these printers are always found in libstdc++ svn repository.
To enable these printers, check-out the latest printers to a local
directory:
pretty-printers in Python. Pretty printers for containers and other
classes are distributed with GCC from version 4.5.0 and should be installed
alongside the libstdc++ shared library files and found automatically by
GDB.
</para>
<programlisting>
svn co svn://gcc.gnu.org/svn/gcc/trunk/libstdc++-v3/python
</programlisting>
<para>
Next, add the following section to your ~/.gdbinit The path must
match the location where the Python module above was checked-out.
So if checked out to: /home/maude/gdb_printers/, the path would be as
written in the example below.
Depending where libstdc++ is installed, GDB might refuse to auto-load
the python printers and print a warning instead.
If this happens the python printers can be enabled by following the
instructions GDB gives for setting your <code>auto-load safe-path</code>
in your <filename>.gdbinit</filename> configuration file.
</para>
<programlisting>
python
import sys
sys.path.insert(0, '/home/maude/gdb_printers/python')
from libstdcxx.v6.printers import register_libstdcxx_printers
register_libstdcxx_printers (None)
end
</programlisting>
<para>
The path should be the only element that needs to be adjusted in the
example. Once loaded, STL classes that the printers support
Once loaded, standard library classes that the printers support
should print in a more human-readable format. To print the classes
in the old style, use the /r (raw) switch in the print command
(i.e., print /r foo). This will print the classes as if the Python
pretty-printers were not loaded.
in the old style, use the <userinput>/r</userinput> (raw) switch in the
print command (i.e., <userinput>print /r foo</userinput>). This will
print the classes as if the Python pretty-printers were not loaded.
</para>
<para>
......@@ -332,8 +318,7 @@
<para>
The <link linkend="support.termination.verbose">verbose
termination handler</link> gives information about uncaught
exceptions which are killing the program. It is described in the
linked-to page.
exceptions which kill the program.
</para>
</section>
......@@ -347,14 +332,14 @@
<section xml:id="debug.compile_time_checks"><info><title>Compile Time Checking</title></info>
<para> The <link linkend="manual.ext.compile_checks">Compile-Time
Checks</link> Extension has compile-time checks for many algorithms.
Checks</link> extension has compile-time checks for many algorithms.
</para>
</section>
<section xml:id="debug.profile_mode" xreflabel="debug.profile_mode"><info><title>Profile-based Performance Analysis</title></info>
<para> The <link linkend="manual.ext.profile_mode">Profile-based
Performance Analysis</link> Extension has performance checks for many
Performance Analysis</link> extension has performance checks for many
algorithms.
</para>
</section>
......
......@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ particular release.
<entry>18.2</entry>
<entry>Types</entry>
<entry>Partial</entry>
<entry>Missing offsetof, max_align_t</entry>
<entry>Missing offsetof</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>18.3</entry>
......@@ -999,10 +999,9 @@ particular release.
<entry/>
</row>
<row>
<?dbhtml bgcolor="#B0B0B0" ?>
<entry>20.12</entry>
<entry>Scoped allocator adaptor</entry>
<entry>Partial</entry>
<entry>Y</entry>
<entry/>
</row>
<row>
......@@ -1113,10 +1112,11 @@ particular release.
<entry/>
</row>
<row>
<?dbhtml bgcolor="#B0B0B0" ?>
<entry>21.4</entry>
<entry>Class template <code>basic_string</code></entry>
<entry>Y</entry>
<entry/>
<entry>Partial</entry>
<entry>Non-conforming Copy-On-Write implementation</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>21.5</entry>
......@@ -2133,6 +2133,7 @@ particular release.
Missing move and swap operations on <code>basic_ios</code>.
Missing <code>io_errc</code> and <code>iostream_category</code>.
<code>ios_base::failure</code> is not derived from <code>system_error</code>.
Missing <code>ios_base::hexfloat</code>.
</entry>
</row>
<row>
......
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