This lovely and much delayed release of libgit2 ships from the cold city
of Brussels, which is currently hosting FOSDEM 2012.

There's been plenty of changes since the latest stable release, here's a
full summary:

- Git Attributes support (see git2/attr.h)
	There is now support to efficiently parse and retrieve information
	from `.gitattribute` files in a repository. Note that this
	information is not yet used e.g. when checking out files.

- .gitignore support
	Likewise, all the operations that are affected by `.gitignore` files
	now take into account the global, user and local ignores when
	skipping the relevant files.

- Cleanup of the object ownership semantics
	The ownership semantics for all repository subparts (index, odb,
	config files, etc) has been redesigned. All these objects are now
	reference counted, and can be hot-swapped in the middle of
	execution, allowing for instance to add a working directory and an
	index to a repository that was previously opened as bare, or to
	change the source of the ODB objects after initialization.

	Consequently, the repository API has been simplified to remove all
	the `_openX` calls that allowed setting these subparts *before*
	initialization.

- git_index_read_tree()
	Git trees can now be read into the index.

- More reflog functionality
	The reference log has been optimized, and new API calls to rename
	and delete the logs for a reference have been added.

- Rewrite of the References code with explicit ownership semantics
	The references code has been mostly rewritten to take into account
	the cases where another Git application was modifying a repository's
	references while the Library was running.

	References are now explicitly loaded and free'd by the user, and
	they may be reloaded in the middle of execution if the user suspects
	that their values may have changed on disk. Despite the new
	ownership semantics, the references API stays the same.

- Simplified the Remotes API
	Some of the more complex Remote calls have been refactored into
	higher level ones, to facilitate the usual `fetch` workflow of a
	repository.

- Greatly improved thread-safety
	The library no longer has race conditions when loading objects from
	the same ODB and different threads at the same time. There's now
	full TLS support, even for error codes. When the library is built
	with `THREADSAFE=1`, the threading support must be globally
	initialized before it can be used (see `git_threads_init()`)

- Tree walking API
	A new API can recursively traverse trees and subtrees issuing callbacks for
	every single entry.

- Tree diff API
	There is basic support for diff'ing an index against two trees.

- Improved windows support
	The Library is now codepage aware under Windows32: new API calls
	allow the user to set the default codepage for the OS in order to
	avoid strange Unicode errors.

treebuilder: remove needless variable entry_count

Signed-off-by: schu <schu-github@schulog.org>

Fix trailing slash issue to the gitdir path when the repo is opened through a workdir

repository: ensure that the path to the .git directory ends with a forward slash when opening a repository through a working directory path

This fixes an issue which was detected while using one of the libgit2 bindings [0]. The lack of the trailing forward slash led the name of references returned by git_reference_listall() to be prefixed with a forward slash.

  [0]: https://github.com/libgit2/libgit2sharp/pull/108

Fix the build on Emscripten

struct timeval is used in this file, which requires <sys/time.h> to be
included.

On non-Windows builds, we will now use _GNU_SOURCE so header
files will include modern API extensions.  This should resolve
issue #547.

Add unit tests to confirm ignore directory pattern matches and
to confirm that ignore and attribute files are loaded properly
into the attribute file cache.

Actually look for the file by the same cache key that we
store it under.  Rocket science!

threads: Make the old test suite TLS aware...

Now that is_dir is calculated correctly for attr/ignore paths,
it is possible to use it so that ignoring "dir/" will properly
match the directory name and ignore the entire directory.

When building an attr path object, the code that checks if the
file is a directory was evaluating the file as a relative path
to the current working directory, instead of using the repo root.
This lead to inconsistent behavior.

When status encounters a submodule, right now it is asserting.
This changes it to just skip the file that it can't deal with.

git_refspec_transform_r assumed that the reference name passed would
be only a branch or tag name. This is not the case, and we need to
take into consideration what's in the refspec's source to know how
much of the prefix to ignore.

Those were re-added on the move. Ops!

The object cache is mostly IO-bound, so it makes no sense to have a lock
per node.

This is a MSVC-only issue. All other compilers we support work properly.

Repository re-initialization

This currently only ensures that the version of the repository format isn't greater than zero.

A non migrated yet test has been removed as well as it's mostly redundant.

Rename the Clay test suite to Clar

Clay is the name of a programming language on the makings, and we want
to avoid confusions. Sorry for the huge diff!

This had been left over from a time when I believed what the git
documentation had to say about case-sensitivity. The rest of the code
doesn't recognize this form and we hadn't noticed because most tests
don't try to get a recently-set variable but free and reload the
configuration, causing the right format to be used.

remote: add test which creates a basic remote entry in the repository configuration then loads the remote

This resolves issue #535 and issue #533.

The buffer wasn't getting freed if the last difference was a deletion.

MSVC doesn't think %zd is a valid specifier.

Don't leak when deleting or removing refs

When we remove the ref from the hashtable, we need to free the
packref.

Truncate at the slash; otherwise we get ppack-*.idx filenames.

On error, the pointer could be pointing anywhere.