curl_stream: check for -1 after CURLINFO_LASTSOCKET

We're recently trying to upgrade to the current master of libgit2
in Cargo but we're unfortunately hitting a segfault in one of our
tests. This particular test is just a small smoke test that https
works (e.g. it's configured in libgit2). It attempts to clone
from a URL which simply immediately drops connections after
they're accepted (e.g. terminate abnormally). We expect to see a
standard error from libgit2 but unfortunately we're seeing a
segfault.

This segfault is happening inside of the `wait_for` function of
`curl_stream.c` at the line `FD_SET(fd, &errfd)` because `fd` is
-1. This ends up doing an out-of-bounds array access that faults
the program. I tracked back to where this -1 came from to the
line here (returned by `CURLINFO_LASTSOCKET`) and added a check
to return an error.

src/curl_stream.c

@@ -121,6 +121,11 @@ static int curls_connect(git_stream *stream)
 		return seterr_curl(s);
 	}
 
+	if (sockextr == -1) {
+		giterr_set(GITERR_NET, "curl socket is no longer valid");
+		return -1;
+	}
+
 	s->socket = sockextr;
 
 	if (s->parent.encrypted && failed_cert)
@@ -198,6 +203,7 @@ static int wait_for(curl_socket_t fd, bool reading)
 	FD_ZERO(&outfd);
 	FD_ZERO(&errfd);
 
+	assert(fd >= 0);
 	FD_SET(fd, &errfd);
 	if (reading)
 		FD_SET(fd, &infd);